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<br />normally be performed in the fall after September l5th or in the spring prior to May lst. When <br />warm season species comprise the majority of the seed mixture, planting operations may be <br />conducted during the same periods as cool season species, except that spring seeding may be <br />extended through May 30th. Seeding activities will be conducted as weather and soil <br />conditions perrrut. Seeding will not be performed when there are more than two inches of <br />snow on the ground. Drill seeding may be employed when slopes are less than d0 percent and <br />where soils are no[ excessively rocky. Drills will be adequately equipped to accurately and <br />evenly distribute the seed mixture a[ proper seeding depths. <br />Broadcast seeding may be performed on all slopes and on all soils regazdless of percentage of <br />rock composition. Broadcasters may be human-powered or machine-powered as long as they <br />are properly equipped and are capable of distributing seed evenly at the required rates. <br />Broadcasters mounted on ATVs are particularly effective in remote and difficult terrain. <br />Broadcasting will not be performed when surface winds prevent the even distribution of seed. <br />When land imprinting is used to establish surface roughness in conjunction with broadcast <br />seeding it will be pertormed following planting operations. Land imprinting will be performed <br />preferably when soil moisture conditions are medium to high. Moist soils retain imprinted <br />shapes better than dry soils. Imprinting excessively wet soils will be avoided to prevent <br />unnecessarv damage to soil structure. This sequencing and timing enhances the effectiveness <br />of land imprinting. Land imprinting will firm [he seed bed and will ensure good soil to seed <br />contact, which is essential to enhancing germination rates. When land imprinting is used, other <br />surface operations designed to cover broadcast seed will not be necessary. If land imprinting is <br />not used. the surface may be raked, chained, harrowed, or otherwise cultipacked to cover and <br />firm broadcast seed into the soil. Performance of these follow up procedures will be at the <br />discretion of American Soda. When soils have been recently disturbed prior to seeding, nattual <br />particle movement occumng from wind or in response to rainfall or snowmelt is expected to be <br />adequate to cover the seed and establish adequate soil contact for germination. <br />Mulching involves the application of plant residues or other suitable materials to the soil <br />surface. The purpose of mulching is to conserve moisture, prevent surface compaction or soil <br />crusting, control weeds, aid in establishing plant cover, and reduce erosion and runoff thereby <br />protecting the quality of surface runoff. Mulching may be necessary where there is a wind or <br />water erosion hazard. on Bolls with low infiltration rates, on critical areas. on sites where <br />annual precipitation is Icss than I? inches, or on slopes that are greater than 3h:ly. <br />Hay and straw mulches well be applied at the rate of approximately 2 tons per acre. Mulch may <br />be spread by hand or mechanical methods. Mulch materials will be evenly and uniformly <br />distributed over the site to be treated. All mulching materials must be certified weed free and <br />list the state of origin. Mulch materials will also be free of mold and fungus. When native hay <br />is used it will contain the same plan[ species as aze being used in revegetation seed mixtures or <br />it will be tree of viable seed. Small grain straw used for mulch will be seedless. Specifications <br />for native hay or svaw mulch materials will require that at least 50% of the material by weight <br />is greater than or equal to 10 inches long. <br />To realize maximum effectiveness, mulches will be crimped, netted or tackified using standazd <br />accepted practices. The type of surface roughening, seeding operations and mulching methods <br />including anchoring practices to be used for revegetating an area will determine the sequence of <br />operations. The goal of revegetation operation sequences will be to maximize roughness, <br />provide optimum planting depth for seed placement, and promote even distribution of well <br />anchored mulch. Different soil types will react uniquely to different treatment combinations <br />and sequences. Evaluation of soil responses and vegetation establishment and growth to <br />American Soda L.L.P. 5-9 <br />Suit Conservation. Erosion and Sediment <br />Control, rcclanunon and Reve¢aauon Plan <br />Uclobcr 2tl. IY98 <br />Revised April 9. I YYY <br />