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5 <br /> 1 MR. JUSTUS: Okay. Thank you. 1 So it may or may not be the most <br /> 2 MR. SINMARY: Okay. Well, you're up. 2 conductive carponent. If the clays carbine with water, <br /> 3 MR. JUSTUS: kben we last finished, we 3 that will be more conductive than the water itself. <br /> 4 finished the testimony of Mr. Berry. Previously 4 Q. Now, we're dealing here with a collapsed <br /> 5 Mr. Beckwith had agreed to go out of order to allow 5 mine working, correct? <br /> 6 that testimony, and he still has the opportunity to 6 A. Yes. Well, I can't say that. <br /> 7 cross-examine Mr. Hild. 7 MR. JUSTUS: Objection. He didn't <br /> 8 Mr. Beckwith, you have an opportunity at 8 testify there was a collapsed mine working. <br /> 9 this time. Do you want to take it? 9 Q. (BY MR. STUTZ) I'd like you to assume <br /> to MR. BECMITH: For the record, Jim 10 that this is a collapsed mine working in the testimony <br /> 11 Beckwith; Attorney Registration 2295. I'm sorry. I'm ii that's been presented. <br /> 12 a creature of habit. 12 A. Other people can make that — <br /> 13 But as I indicated to John before we 13 MR. JUSTUS: Objection. This is beyond <br /> 14 started, I do not have any questions of Mr. Hild, but I 14 the scope. He did not offer any testimony on that or <br /> 15 do not know if Mr. Carey's attorney has any 15 speculate on whether this is a collapsed mine working <br /> 16 questions. 16 or otherwise. <br /> 17 MR. SINGLEPARY: So, Mr. Stutz, do you 17 MR. STUTZ: All right. Generally <br /> 18 have any questions? 18 speaking -- I'll withdraw that question. <br /> 19 MR. STUTZ: Just a second, please. 19 Q. (BY MR. STUTZ) Generally speaking, <br /> 20 First question is -- 20 you're doing these tests and you've got a void that is <br /> 21 MR. JUSTUS: Why don't we call him if 21 partially filled with water and partially filled with <br /> 22 he's going to be cross-examined. 22 air. How does that show up on your test? <br /> 23 DWffNATION 23 A. It depends on the minerals that it's <br /> 24 BY MR. STUTZ: 24 encased in. There are three main ways that you conduct <br /> 25 Q. Mr. Hild, the test that was -- it's 25 electricity into the ground: generally through the <br /> 178 180 <br /> 1 called an ERT? 1 water itself through miotic conduction, through <br /> 2 A. Yes. 2 metallic minerals, either pyrite or -- <br /> 3 Q. Okay. What's the difference between the 3 THE COURT REPORTER: I can't hear you. <br /> 4 electric resistivity of water as opposed to air? 4 MR. HILD: I apologize. <br /> 5 A. Water is much more conductive. It's 5 THE COURT REPORTER: I have through <br /> 6 conduct -- it's the inverse of resistivity. So air is 6 "pyrite," and then I didn't hear what you said. <br /> 7 much more resistive. That's why you don't -- it takes 7 MR. HILD: I apologize. <br /> 8 a lot of voltage to get any kind of electrical current 8 A. Anyways, there is little of that out <br /> 9 through air, while water is much more conductive. And 9 there, we suspect. So most likely the third method, <br /> 10 the range of conductivity varies usually absolutely in io which is conductive of -- conductance of electricity <br /> li water with how much mineral salts are dissolved in it along the surface of clay minerals. And you need a <br /> 12 general. 12 clay mineral and a water adhering to that. <br /> 13 Q. Would it be fair to say that at the 13 So you have a clay mineral/water <br /> 14 opposite end of the spectnun, with air being the most 14 interface. And certain clays you develop ions adjacent <br /> 15 resistive and water being the -- the least? 15 to the clay mineral itself. So within a certain number <br /> 16 A. Generally there are things more -- less 16 of layers from the clay mineral itself you will be able <br /> 17 resistive than water, but, I mean, there's a huge 17 to conduct electricity. <br /> 18 difference between the two. 18 So if you have a coupletely dry void, <br /> 19 Q. But not what you'd expect to find in the 19 you would expect that, relatively all other factors <br /> 20 area where these tests were being conducted? 20 being the same, to be more resistive than if you had a <br /> 21 A. The most conductive -- pure water itself 21 partially or fully saturated void with the clay <br /> 22 is not all that conductive. As you start putting in 22 minerals. Now, if you don't have clay minerals, you <br /> 23 ions, it becares more conductive. So we didn't do any 23 have minerals that aren't clay, like quartz, which is <br /> 24 testing of the absolute resistivity of the water in the 24 the other mineral out here, you can have more <br /> 25 area. 25 resistivity. You can make generalities. <br /> 179 181 <br />