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I ' ' The Midway soil is shallow and well drained. It formed in calcareous, clayey material derived from shale. Typically, the surface layer is a neutral, olive brown loam about three inches thick. The layer ' below that is a mildly alkaline, light olive brown clay loam about seven inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 14 inches is a moderately alkaline, light yellowish brown clay, underlain by soft weathered shale. Permeability of the Midway is slow, and available water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is from six to 20 inches and water erosion can be severe. Rock fragments compose from zero to 15 percent of the volume. ' The soils are difficult to revegetate and must be stabilized against water erosion. A mulch of plant residue helps to reduce runoff and conserve moisture. Application of manure and nitrogen and I phosphorous rich fertilizers are needed to maintain fertility. Selecting adapted plants is essential in establishing vegetation. ' Veldkaml2 Nederland, very cobbly sandy loamy. zero to three percent slop - This soil type is formed on the lower pediment surface adjacent to the site. Both the Veldkamp and Nederland soils are deep and well drained. They both formed in cobbly, gravelly, loamy alluvium derived from mixed sources. ' The Veldkamp surface layer is usually neutral, dark grayish brown very cobbly sandy loam about three inches thick. The subsoil in the upper nine inches is neutral dark grayish brown and brown to dark brown, very cobbly clay loam and very cobbly clay. In the lower nine inches it is neutral dark yellowish brown very cobbly clay loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is neutral, dark yellowish brown, stratified very cobbly sandy loam. Rock fragments make up 35 to 60 percent of total volume. ' The Nederland surface is typically dark brown to brown, very cobbly sandy loam about 52 inches thick. The substratum below a depth of 62 inches is neutral, strong brown very stony sandy loam. Rocks compose 35 to 75 percent of total volume. Permeability of both soils is moderate to slow and available water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow and water erosion hazard is slight. The establishment and maintenance of grasses is limited by the large volume of pebbles and cobbles, which will be removed prior to revegetation. Mulching, fertilizing,and irrigation are needed to establish adapted plants. _Valmont clay loam. zero to three percent slopes - This unit is found on the main pediment surface on Isite. It formed in calcareous, clayey alluvium underlain by calcareous, very cobbly or gravelly material. Typically, the surface layer is neutral grayish brown loam about four inches thick. The subsoil in the I upper 13 inches is neutral to moderately alkaline, dark grayish brown and brown clay. In the lower 14 inches it is moderately alkaline, pale brown clay and clay loam. The substratum,to a depth of 60 inches, is a moderately alkaline light gray very gravelly sandy loam. Rock fragments make up zero to 15`Yo of total volume near the surface of this unit. The near surface permeability of the Valmont soil is slow and water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more and water erosion hazard is slight. I I -2 !S - ' SERGENT, HAUSKINS & BECKWITH B CONSULTING UCSONNN)CALLBU ENGINEERS PNOENI%•LT LAKE •ALBUOUEROUE 1� OENVER/LAKEWOOD•SALT LAKE CITY•EL PASO•RENO/SPARKS