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Monitoring can be carried out simultaneously with treatments but should be carried out 2-3 <br /> times a growing season to effectively address weed populations that may be on site. <br /> • Practices <br /> o Basic Weed Control Practices and IPM: <br /> ■ Chemical: Only licensed applicators or individuals under the supervision of <br /> licensed applicators should use chemical control on site. Chemical applications <br /> are most effective during the early stages of weed growth in the spring. <br /> Herbicides used should be specific to the weed species found on site (See <br /> figures 1-9). Selective herbicides that will not harm reclaimed areas with <br /> desirable vegetation should be used over non-selective herbicides. Best <br /> management practices should be used for reducing drift and harm to desirable <br /> plant species as specified on product labels and in applicator training. <br /> Measures to insure that biological resistance to herbicides doesn't become an <br /> issue should also be implemented. For example,switching up tank mixes after <br /> using herbicides with the same active ingredient for multiple treatments or <br /> growing seasons and using an adequate application rate (as specified on <br /> product labels)to achieve complete control of targeted species will prevent <br /> resistance . <br /> ■ Manual/Mechanical: Non-chemical methods of weed control are also helpful in <br /> achieving vegetation management goals.Weeds that have matured past the <br /> stages of being susceptible to chemical control or weeds that are a chemical <br /> resistant biotype can be removed by hand puling to keep seeds from further <br /> contaminating the site.This is also effective with old growth of weeds that still <br /> may contain seeds. Some specific species like cheat grass can be controlled with <br /> mowing prior to seed head production(See figure 3). Noxious tree species may <br /> also require manual treatment to remove from site (see figures 7 and 9). <br /> ■ Cultural: Informing employees and educating individuals who frequent the site <br /> on noxious weed species can help in monitoring and overall weed control <br /> efforts. Employees who know the significance of the noxious weeds can help <br /> keep populations of weeds from being established by hand pulling individual <br /> weeds as they may encounter them. Education can also prevent the spread of <br /> weeds by keeping employees from driving/walking through populations. In <br /> Addition to the noxious species found on site future populations not currently <br /> present could be introduced.To prevent this,those involved with monitoring of <br /> the site should have knowledge of noxious weeds that are common in the <br /> region on top of weeds that are present. Northwest Aggregates should <br /> coordinate with the adjacent ranch to address the scotch thistle that is <br /> contributing seeds to the Moon Pit. <br />