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SECTI®IIFOUR SCIsmIC NEW Inputs <br /> The Williams Fork Valley is a northwest-trending structural graben, bounded by the main <br /> WFMF to the southwest and a couple of apparently less-active unnamed antithetic normal faults <br /> to the northeast (Figure 4; Kirkham, 2004). The Tertiary and Quaternary sediments filling the <br /> graben are also crosscut by several northeast-striking normal faults (Olig et al., 2013). All of <br /> these faults are collectively referred to in the USGS database as the unnamed faults of Williams <br /> Fork Valley(#2300),and are discussed further in the following section. <br /> As a result of recent mapping and paleoseismic trench investigations, Olig et al. (2013) <br /> shortened the maximum extent of the WFMF to 37 km, with the Quaternary portion interpreted <br /> to be 32 km long. On the basis of geomorphic and geologic characteristics,they also identified <br /> three sections of the fault: northern, central and southern (Figure 4 and Table 3). The northern <br /> section is the youngest, most-active, and longest section, whereas the southern section is the <br /> oldest, least-active,and shortest section, and the central section is intermediate in age, length and <br /> activity (Table 3; Olig et al., 2013). Of particular note, scarps on latest Quaternary deposits are <br /> prominent along the northern section (Kirkham, 2004), Quaternary scarps are scarce along the <br /> middle section, and apparently absent along the southern section (Olig and Kirkham, 2012). <br /> Olig and Kirkham (2012) refer to these portions of the WFMF as "sections" rather than <br /> "segments" because they do not think that it is likely that the middle and southern sections will <br /> rupture independently in large surface-faulting earthquakes given their short lengths, and the <br /> apparent pattern of decreasing rates and increasing age of most recent rupture to the southeast, <br /> which suggests that activity may be dying off to the southeast. <br /> Results from paleoseismic trenching on both the northern and central sections also indicate a <br /> younger, more active northern section. A trench across a fault scarp on a Pinedale-age alluvial <br /> fan at Johnson Gulch near the northern end of the fault (Figure 4) revealed evidence for the <br /> remnants of a colluvial wedge associated with a surface-faulting earthquake that occurred about <br /> 7.0 f 0.8 ka based on analysis of 5 radiocarbon ages (Olig et al., 2013). Direct stratigraphic <br /> evidence for older events was eroded away, but the exposure did reveal that much of the 5-m- <br /> high scarp was actually held up by Tertiary Troublesome Formation overlain by older alluvial <br /> fan deposits that were then draped by younger Pinedale-age fan deposits, suggesting that not all <br /> of the slip that formed the scarp actually occurred post-Pinedale, as was assumed by previous <br /> scarp profile studies of the site(Unruh et al., 1993;Kirkham,2004). In particular,the maximum <br /> slip rate estimate of 1.3 mm/yr made by Unruh et al. (1993), which was based on 13 m of <br /> vertical slip occurring since 10 ka, seems highly unlikely given the evidence of one early <br /> Holocene event and the overall stratigraphic and structural relations exposed in the trench (Olig <br /> et al.,2013). <br /> In comparison, a trench across a short scarp on alluvial fan deposits along the middle section <br /> north of Ute Creek revealed that the scarp was actually not fault-related but was depositional. <br /> No faults or other evidence of faulting was exposed,but older alluvium(>>8 ka)appeared back- <br /> tilted toward the range front,providing suggestive evidence of older(pre-Holocene)deformation <br /> along the main range-front fault to the southwest, which now appears buried along much of the <br /> middle section(Olig et al.,2013). <br /> Based on the paleoseismic results, Olig et al. (2013) included three rupture scenarios for the <br /> WFMF and we retain those here: A) the northern section only; B) the northern and middle <br /> sections; and, C) the northern, middle and southern sections (Figure 3). Using the empirical <br /> UM127-MAR48N 13 <br />