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4. Russian Knapweed - This weed is typically not found in riparian or <br />wetland areas. However, if this undesirable plant is detected the following <br />control techniques can be applied. <br />A. Cultural and Chemical Control - An herbicide application, using short <br />residual herbicides can be used followed up by seeding the area with a <br />competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming species. <br />B. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing can be carried out <br />throughout the season with the first and successive mowing cycles <br />carried out at the bud stage. A herbicide treatment can then be made in <br />the fall before a hard freeze. <br />C. Mechanical Control Only - Mowing can be carried out throughout the <br />season, which will reduce seed set. <br />D. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications can be made to the <br />knapweed during the bud stage and in the fall if necessary. <br />5. Spotted Knapweed - This weed is typically not found in riparian or <br />wetland areas. However, if this undesirable plant is detected the following <br />control techniques can be applied. <br />A. Cultural and Chemical Control - An herbicide application, using short <br />residual herbicides can be used followed up by seeding the area with a <br />competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming species. <br />B. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing can be carried out <br />throughout the season with the first and successive mowing cycles <br />carried out at the bud stage. An herbicide treatment can then be made <br />in the fall before a hard freeze. <br />C. Mechanical Control Only - Mowing can be carried out throughout the <br />season, which will reduce seed set. <br />D. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications can be made to the <br />knapweed during the bud stage and in the fall if necessary. <br />6. Dalmation Toadflax <br />A. Mechanical and Chemical Control - Mowing can occur throughout the <br />growing season in order to keep the plants from going to seed. <br />Mowing should be terminated in late August followed by an herbicide <br />treatment during late September through October, following a light <br />frost and prior to a hard frost. <br />B. Cultural and Chemical Control - Use a short residual herbicide <br />followed by a seeding with a competitive grass such as smooth brome <br />or other sod forming species (natives preferred). <br />C. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications (picloram (Tordon® <br />is recommended)) work best if applied in the fall after a light frost due <br />to the thick cuticle of the plant. <br />