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• 4.15.3 SEEDING AND PLANTING <br />Seeding and planting of disturbed areas will occur during the first <br />favorable planting period following completion of topsoil replacement. <br />Permanent seeding will typically occur in the fall. <br />EFCI will generally use one of two seeding methods. Drill seeding will <br />be utilized for the majority of reclamation work and hydroseeding or <br />broadcast seeding will be used in locations where drill seeding is not <br />practical. <br />In order to assure that seed and planting stock are of suitable quality <br />and quantity, EFCI will attempt to obtain these materials from those <br />sources most closely approximating site conditions and will deal only with <br />established reputable seed suppliers. Special care will be taken to <br />assure that all seed meets accepted standards for purity and germination. <br />• A discussion on planned seeding and planting methods, seeding rates, and <br />woody plant transplanting densities is included in Section 2.05.4, <br />Reclamation Plan. <br />4.15.4 MULCHING AND OTHER SOIL STABILIZING PRACTICES <br />EFCI recovers all surface vegetation during topsoil recovery operations <br />and incorporates the vegetative materials with soil resources as a natural <br />mulch. These incorporated vegetative materials provide significant soil <br />holding capability. In areas where a significant potential for erosion <br />exists, natural mulch may be supplemented by surface straw mulch. <br />Additional information on mulching practices is presented in Section <br />2.05.4, Reclamation Plan. <br />4.15.5 GRAZING <br />• EFCI believes that grazing and wildlife use should be closely controlled <br />during the first few years following seeding to promote effective <br />vegetative establishment. However, once a viable self-sustaining <br />4.15-3 <br />