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stability a pillar must possess a factor of safety of 1.5 or better. The load a pillar is carrying <br />is estimated by calculating the full tributary area load, namely half -way to each adjacent <br />pillar and all the way to the surface. The tributary area loading assumption is correct for <br />pillar load estimation if the pillars are all the same size as they are in this area. The <br />maximum overburden depth in the bleeder entries adjacent to Hubbard Creek is 500 feet <br />and under Dove Gulch the maximum depth is 1100 feet. <br />Where: <br />The Salamon and Munro Pillar strength equation is applied as follows: <br />Pillar Strength (psi) = K x W 0.46/ (H0.66) <br />K = the uniaxial compressive strength of an equi - dimensional coal sample in <br />psi = 3,100 psi' <br />W = the least width of the pillar in inches <br />H = the height of the pillar in inches <br />Factor of Safety Calculation <br />Location Hubbard Creek Bleeders Dove Gulch Mains <br />Vertical Stress Calculation <br />Maximum Overburden <br />500 <br />1100 <br />Overburden Weight # /CF <br />150 <br />150 <br />Entry Centers <br />100 <br />120 <br />180 <br />85 <br />Pillar Size <br />821 <br />102 <br />162 <br />1 67 <br />Extraction Ratio <br />43% <br />41% <br />Stress in Pillar (psi) <br />747 <br />1615 <br />Pillar <br />Strength Calculation <br />W = Least width of Pillar in <br />984 <br />804 <br />H = Height of Pillar in <br />114 <br />114 <br />Pillar Strength (psi) <br />3240 <br />2953 <br />Factor of Safety <br />4.3 <br />1.8 <br />The areas in the Bowie No. 2 Mine, where limited extraction is proposed, will not <br />realize an extraction ratio as high as 50 percent. Development pillars will be left in the <br />areas. The development pillars result in a factor of safety greater than 1.5 which will <br />assure the long term stability of the areas. <br />During 1984 the Somerset Mine developed entries beneath Hubbard Creek <br />and limited extraction to development only. The development resulted in an extraction ratio <br />1 Coal strength obtained from the report ALongwall Geotechnical Appraisal@ prepared for <br />Bowie Resources Limited by Agapito Associates, Inc., dated September 1998 <br />PR -14 -21 - 03/14 <br />