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<br /> <br />MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY <br /> <br />In the Missouri Basin there are approximately 1,800 water systems <br />serving municipalities and communities. Of these, approximately 231 <br />serve municipalities with a population of over 5 million., There are over <br />1,500 smaller systems serving populations of less than 2,500, but with <br />a total combined population of about 2 million. In addition, approximately <br />1-1/2 million people are dependent upon their own water supply, primarily <br />in the farm segment of the economy. In addition to municipal water re- <br />quirements there are over 500 industries that have their own separate <br />water supply systems. The total current demand for mun~cipal and <br />industrial water supplies is approximately 2.8 million acre-feet annually <br />for the total diversion requirement. The requirements for diversion at <br />each individual system are of utmost importance to the people being <br />served in order that they have water when they need it. Municipal and <br />industrial uses on the average consume only about 30 percent of the water <br />so that most of it is returned to the stream where, if it is. properly <br />treated and if the stream can assimilate the remaining wasteload, the <br />water is satisfactory for further downstream use. Thus, from a municipal <br />and industrial standpoint only, and without being concerned with the <br />total water supply available, if the 40wnstream communities can withdraw <br />from the stream an amount of water equivalent to that returned upstream, <br />this is classed as reuse to get the net, effect' of municipal uses on the <br />stream. <br /> <br />MINERAL RESOURCES <br /> <br />Mineral resources comprise one of the industries of the basin, b~t <br />their water requirements have been considered separately from municipal <br />uses. The Missouri Basin has reserves of many minerals, both non-metallic <br />and metallic, which have potentials for development. The coal deposita <br />are part of the largest minable reserve in the United States and are <br />estimated at Over 110 billion tons. The annual requirements for future <br />electric power production and the possibility of the manufacture of <br />hydrocarbons from coal, together with the water requirements in producing <br />and processing other minerals will require nearly a million acre-feet of <br />water by 2020. <br /> <br />WATER qUALITY NEEDS <br /> <br />In general, pollution of streams is due to one of three causes: <br />(1) biological; (2) chemical; or (3) thermal. Biologicalpollution <br />usually comes from discharging untreated human or animal wastes or <br />sewage into the streams, or from porcessing plants for agricultural <br />products such ,as meat-packing plants or sugar factories. Chemical <br />pollution, which might be referred to as the dissolved minerals, comes <br />from such sources as discharging of manufacturing wastes from mineral <br />processing return flows and from irrigation developments, and these <br /> <br />24 <br />