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<br />000032 <br /> <br />V. ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS WHICH CANNOT BE AVOIDED <br /> <br />The environmental impacts of wilderness are difficult to classify as <br />adverse or beneficial. They may be adverse to some segment of society <br />but in turn be considered beneficial by another segment. The following <br />are some of the impacts that may be considered adverse. <br /> <br />With no roads being constructed, wilderness will exclude a portion of <br />the public which depends on mechanical or motorized transportation. <br />It would appear that present facilities are generally sufficient to <br />supply this need. Those persons that cannot disassociate themselves <br />from the modern conveniences of our urban society in day-to-day <br />living will not be able to use the wilderness except for day-use <br />activities. Accommodations and other modern necessities are being <br />provided outside the wilderness in the park and by commercial develop- <br />ments outside the park. <br /> <br />With the banning of mechanized equipment, under normal conditions to <br />maintain trails, more manpower will have to be provided to keep them <br />up to standard in the wilderness. Since considerable more effort is <br />needed to maintain horse trails, some trails would probably have to <br />be closed to horse use. <br /> <br />The management required to perpetuate a natural ecosystem under the <br />wilderness concept may result in more restrictions on the number of <br />persons using the area than under normal national park natural area <br />management. Only a constant number of visitors will therefore be <br />allowed into the wilderness annually and the expected increase in <br />visitors desiring such an experience will result in more concentrated <br />use on National Park Service land outside the wilderness and <br />national forest land in the immediate vicinity. The visitor's freedom <br />to choose when and where he wants to go under wilderness management <br />will be limited. <br /> <br />Although the Bureau of Reclamation has no planned projects, current <br />investigations, or planned investigations for water handling <br />facilities in the area, the long range adverse effects are unknown. <br />Wilderness designation will preclude further consideration of the <br />area for installation of water utilization facilities. <br /> <br />28 <br />