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<br />J:J2.S85 <br /> <br />power will continue and that electric power is supplied <br />as demanded. The peak power demands by regions <br />are shown in table 7. <br />By the year 2020, generation of electric power will <br />deplete (evaporation for cooling) fresh water supplies <br />by about 1.26 million acre-feet annually. Substantial <br />amounts of sea and estuarine water also will be used <br />for cooling. Use of once-through cooling of about <br />171 million acre.feet of ocean water, or almost <br />double the annual fresh water runoff of the Pacific <br />Southwest, will be required. Powerplants and <br />transmission lines will occupy about 965,000 acres of <br />land, mostly for transmission line rights-of.way. <br /> <br /> <br />Electric Power <br /> <br />Status <br /> <br />Electric generating facilities in the Pacific South- <br />west are publicly or privately owned, with the public <br />utilities owning 32 percent and the private utilities <br />owning 68 percent. Hydroelectric facilities are 60 <br />percent publicly owned and 40 percent privately <br />owned. Fuel-electric plants, however, are 20 percent <br />publicly owned and 80 percent privately owned. The <br />term "public" includes Federal, State, and local <br />government agencies, irrigation districts, and rural <br />electric associations. <br />The peak load in the Pacific Southwest area in <br />1965 was 21,406 megawatts. Total installation was <br />28,000 megawatts, sufficient to meet the load without <br />difficulty, About 30 percent of the installation was <br />hydroelectric, 69 percent was fossil.fueled thermal, <br />and only 0.2 percent was nuclear.fueled thermal. <br />Geothermal and miscellaneous made up about I <br />percent. <br />Power pools and inter-utility planning <br />organizations facilitate interregional power transfers <br />and increase system reliability. <br /> <br />Needs and Problems <br /> <br />The primary problems of the electric utility <br />industry in the Pacific Southwest in 1965 concerned <br />siting of generating plants and transmission lines, <br />controlling undesirable environmental effects, and <br />obtaining sufficient water for cooling thermal-electric <br />powerplants. These problems have intensified as of <br />1970 and will continue throughout the study period. <br />Electric power requirements for the Pacific South- <br />west will increase from 21,406 megawatts in 1965 to <br />565,800 megawatts in 2020, or about 26.5 times. The <br />forecast assumes that present trends in use of electric <br /> <br />Plan Response <br /> <br />The requirements for electric power, 683,000 <br />megawatts, including reserves, are to be met by <br />construction of a mix of hydroelectric, pumped <br />storage, gas turbine, and fossil-fueled and <br />nuclear-fueled steam-electric powerplants. The <br />development schedule is closely tied to the estimate <br />of demand. Sufficient resources are planned to meet <br />all requirements with a reasonable and necessary <br />margin for reserve. The electric power development <br />schedule is depicted on figure 16. <br /> <br />The projected mix of electric power generating <br />plants expected in the Pacific Southwest as of 2020 is: <br /> <br />Percent <br /> <br />Hydroelectric (including pumped storage) <br />Fossil-fueled steam.electric ........ <br />Nuclear-fueled steam-electric <br />Other. . . <br />Total ................. <br /> <br />5.2 <br />57.1 <br />34.3 <br />3.4 <br />. . . 100.0 <br /> <br />California <br /> <br />Table 7 .-Pef}k power demands <br /> <br />Upper Colorado Pacific Southwest <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />Great Basin Lower Colorado <br />(Thousands of megawatts) <br /> <br />1965 <br />1980 <br />2000 <br />2020 <br /> <br />17.3 <br />51.3 <br />174.7 <br />423,0 <br /> <br />1.0 <br />2.8 <br />10.9 <br />27.8 <br /> <br />2.7 <br />8.3 <br />35.8 <br />108.5 <br /> <br />0.4 <br />1.0 <br />3.3 <br />6.5 <br /> <br />21.4 <br />63.4 <br />224.7 <br /> <br />565.8 <br /> <br />53 <br />