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<br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. , <br /> <br />The Act established four active management areas (AMA's). <br /> <br /> <br />These are geographical areas of the state in which intensive ground- <br /> <br /> <br />water management is needed to bring water consumption and replacement <br /> <br />into balance. (see next page). The four initial AMA's include - <br /> <br /> <br />Phoenix, Tucson, Pinal and Prescott. Each AMA has a director <br /> <br />appointed by the Water Resources Director, and a five-member citizens' <br /> <br /> <br />advisory board appointed by the Governor. <br /> <br />Within these AMA's, the law requires a 45-year water conservation <br /> <br /> <br />and management program, and it establishes several ways of obtaining <br /> <br />the right to use groundwater. Those who pumped or recived groundwater <br /> <br />prior to June 12, 1980, and who wanted to continue, were required <br /> <br />to obtain a grandfathered right. There are three categories of <br /> <br />grandfathered rights: (1) Irrigation, (2) Type 1 Non-Irrigation <br /> <br />and (3) Type 2 Non-Irrigation. The amount of groundwater which <br /> <br />may be used under each right is calculated according to criteria <br /> <br />set forth in the law. <br /> <br />Cities, towns, private water companies and irrigation districts <br /> <br />may acquire the right to use groundwater. These entities, while <br /> <br />still subject to conservation measures, may withdraw as much water <br /> <br />as they need to serve customers within their service areas. However, <br /> <br />limitations have been placed on extending a service area and providing <br /> <br />certain types of service. <br /> <br />The groundwater management program established by the Act <br /> <br />relies on mandatory water conservation in the early years to reduce <br /> <br />the total annual amount of groundwater withdrawn in the active <br /> <br />- I <br />