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<br />Stewart Mountain Dam
<br />(artist's concept)
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<br />14
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<br />During construction, many structures were built for protection of wildlife such
<br />as deer, bighorn sheep, desert tortoises and bald eagles, and to preserve desert
<br />vegetation and riparian habitat associated with flowing rivers.
<br />
<br />A major feature of the CAP is that it lifts Colorado River water a total of 2,909
<br />feet from Lake Havasu to Tucson through its 14 pumping plants, The highest lift of
<br />824 feet occurs at the Havasu Pumping Plant on the river. The Havasu plant has six
<br />60,000 horsepower pumps, each capable of raising 500 cubic feet of water per second
<br />(ds), or a maximum of 3,000 ds. The water is carried upward through two slanting,
<br />2,600 foot long pipes into the Buckskin Mountains Tunnel.
<br />
<br />After passing through the concrete-lined, 6,9 mile tunnel, which has a 22 foot
<br />diameter, the water enters the first reach of the Hayden-Rhodes Aqueduct, The first
<br />reach is 18 miles long with a bottom width of 80 feet and a top of 160 feet. This reach
<br />was made larger than any other to store up to 4,400 acre-feet (af) of water to aid in
<br />water regulation, For the remainder of the aqueduct's 166 miles, the canal is 24 feet
<br />wide on the bottom and 84 feet wide at the top, The water passes through three more
<br />pumping plants, two additional tunnels, and seven major siphons.
<br />
<br />The Salt-Gila Aqueduct, 58 miles long, begins on the south side of the Salt River
<br />at the Salt-Gila Pumping Plant, which has a pumping capacity of 2,800 ds, This
<br />section of the aqueduct has one siphon,
<br />
<br />Nine pumping plants and one major siphon are located on the 90 mile long
<br />Tucson Aqueduct. The aqueduct starts about five miles north of the Brady Pump-
<br />ing Plant. That plant's eight pumps have a combined capacity of 1,240 ds.
<br />
<br />Tucson's water will come through the Snyder Hill Pumping Plant, where nine
<br />pumps will be able to raise 410 ds 293 feet. From there, the water will flow through
<br />a 3.7 mile long pipeline and tunnel to the Tucson distribution system.
<br />
<br />The San Xavier Indian Reservation's water will come through the last pump-
<br />ing plant, Black Mountain, which will have five pumps capable of raising 200 ds 397
<br />feet. The water will pass through a 14.6 mile-long pipe to a 200 af reservoir.
<br />
<br />When authorized, the CAP included two dams in addition to "Orme Dam or
<br />a suitable alternative" and Charleston Dam, The others were Buttes Dam on the Gila
<br />River in Arizona, and Hooker Dam or an alternative on the Gila River in New
<br />Mexico. For various reasons, none of the original four dams has been built. The most
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