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<br />iv <br /> <br />-.\1-: <br /> <br />EXECUTIVE SUMMARY <br /> <br />" <br />Current SDecies Status: This species was listed as endangered in 1970 and critical habitat was <br />designated in 1978, WhDoping cranes currently exist in three wild populations and at five <br />captive locations, The December 1993 wild population is estimated at 160, including 141 <br />individuals in the only self-sustaining population, 10 birds survived in the Rocky Mountain <br />Population (one in captivity), and 10 captive-reared birds survive in Florida in an experiment to <br />start a nonmigratory population, The captive population contained 101 birds. <br /> <br />Habitat Reauirements and Limitina Factors: Marshes, lake, ponds, and rivers provide nesting <br />and migration habitat for the main wild population which nests in Wood Buffalo National Park <br />(WBNP) and adjacent areas of Canada. This population, called herein the AWP, winters in <br />coastal marshes and estuarine habitat of Texas, Historic population declines resulted from <br />habitat destruction, shooting, and displacement by activities of man, <br /> <br />Recoverv Obiective: Downlisting by year 2020. A delisting goal is not identified at this time. <br />The downlisting goal is a minimum of 40 nesting pairs in the AWP and a minimum of 25 pairs <br />occurring in self-sustaining populations at each of two other discrete locations. These breeding <br />pair levels must be attained or exceeded for 10 years before downlisting occurs, The recovery <br />actions may result in migratory and nonmigratory populations as occurred historically in North <br />America. <br /> <br />Actions Needed: <br />1. Continue to build the AWP population to minimize the chance that a catastrophic event will <br />eradicate this population. Protect and manage habitat of all wild populations. <br /> <br />2. Attain breading pair and productivity goals at two captive facilities in the United States and <br />one in Canada to produca the birds required for reintroductions, Continue research to improve <br />production of captive flocks, to identify appropriate reintroduction sites and improve <br />reintroduction techniques. <br /> <br />3, Establish two additional self-sustaining wild populations. <br /> <br />4. Maintain an information/education program, <br /> <br />Estimated Cost of Recoverv for First Decade ($OOO's): <br /> <br /> Need 1 Need 2 Need 3 Need 4 I2!I!! <br />FY1 1,105 840 461 20 2,421 <br />FY2 1,105 840 461 20 2,421 <br />FY3 950 840 461 20 2,266 <br />FY4 945 840 461 20 2,266 <br />FY5 935 840 461 20 2,256 <br />FY6 935 840 461 20 2,256 <br />FY 7 935 740 461 20 2,156 <br />FY 8 935 740 461 20 2,156 <br />FY 9 935 690 461 20 2,106 <br />FY 10 935 690 461 20 2,106 <br />Total Cost to Downlist: $48,120 <br /> <br />Date of Recoverv: The estimated time to achieve downlisting is year 2020. <br />