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_'__'_-'_._'~_'_.'__."__'n~' __,,^_<_, ._~ ~,_'._:j. 8221 Division: Air Pollution Control Division James H. Lents. Director Since the Federal Test Procedure and the equipment required to perform it is extreaely expensive and requires a laboratory envlronaeut, the state-of-the-art in testing also incorporates a field type of emission analysis. Exhaust measureaenta of tailpipe concentrations aa well as those performed in an inspection maintenance program. are the state-of-the-art field measurement. 'l'hia field measurement corre1atea to the federally mandated Federal Test Procedure; however. this corre1atlon is not as strong as would be CODBidered ideaL 'lhis test methodology allows an identification of excessively ea1ttlng vehicles on a concentration basis. Hopefully, this test w11l identify a vehicle which. if tested agaInst the Federal Test Procedure, -would faU. A fairly strong correlatIon exists between a c:l-ean vehicle as identified by an idle tailpipe concentration and would pass a Federal Test Procedure. However, tbe correlation of this test may be weak or less effective with newer (1981 and later) technology vehicles than the older technology vehicles (1968-1980). The realization that petroleua reserves are lilllited and that imported 011 Is vulnerable to political and economic pressures has resulted in greater interest and utilization of alternative fuels. '!be use of alternative fuels. such as propane, natural gas and alcohol Is increasing. Alcohols, such as ethanol aud methanol are popular aud viable gasoline extenders and substitutes. Methanol in particular is increasing in popularity both as a blending agent with gasoline and in essentially pure form as a fuel. In-uae emissions can increase or decrease with the use of alternative .fuels. '!he principal dec1.ding element is the degree a v-eh1.cle is opt1Ja1zed to be compatible with the characteristics of the chosen alternative fuel. The frequency and manner in which vehicles are operated plays an important part on the air pollution contribution froll mobile sources. Obviously. decreasing automobile use decreases the mobile source contribution of Colorado's CO problea. For this reason any activities which reduce automobile use will have a significant air quality benefit. Vehicle use can be reduced by increasing auto occupancy rates and through the use of alternative transportation modes without Significantly 1apact1.ng person tiles traveled. Altering the operational character1stics of the vehicle also has an impact on the aoblle sources air pollution contribution. Operating a motor vehicle at a constant speed will lessen the automobile contribution to carbon IIIOnoxide and hydrocarbon levels. In IIIOst cases higher speed operation will also lessen the impact even though the vehicle miles traveled would be the same. The smoothing of traffic flow Is accomplished through transportation system aanagement actions. In conclusIon I studies show that reduction in total vehicle use or effective traffic flow measures which maintain consistent vehicle speeds are effective ways of minimizing the impact of mobile source air pollution contribution. Likewise actions which assure vehicles are operated on the correct fuel, in a reasonable state of tune. and with properly operating emissions control systeDlB assures a minimal air po11utlon iapact from their use in Colorado. B. STATE OF THE ART STATIONARY SOURCE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Stationary source air pollution control state-of-the-art Is a combination of available technology, testing and monitoring capabilities. operating and design caracteristics. and the pollutants of most concern. All of these characteristic .features have changed greatly over the years and are still evolving. -30- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ..