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<br />:;go: <br /> <br />SUMMARY (Continued) <br /> <br />salt. Diversion of the Big Sandy River near Gasson Bridge would <br />reduce the saline flow reaching the Green River. A large <br />impoundment on the Big Sandy River would collect the saline flow <br />and divert it for beneficial use before it reached the Green <br />River. <br /> <br />:,::} <br /> <br />1 <br />~} -;~ <br />.fu <br /> <br />The desalting methods considered were ion exchange, <br />electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, atmospheric freezing, and <br />distillation. The only technologies considered suitable, <br />however, were electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, and atmospheric <br />freezing. Electrodialysis uses a direct current electrical <br />charge to separate the salt ions through a selective membrane and <br />is reversible to reduce membrane scaling. Reverse osmosis is a <br />process where water is hydraulically forced through a semi- <br />permeable membrane, the membrane being permeable to water under <br />pressure but not to salts. Atmospheric freezing would involve <br />spraying the saline water in an impounded area to create a cone <br />of pure ice, the remaining brine would run off and be impounded <br />in a sump. <br /> <br />Conveyance options considered included gravity flow canal <br />systems, a gravity flow pipeline system, and a pumped flow <br />pipeline system. ,Several pipeline locations were considered for <br />various alternatives. The beneficial uses included cooling, <br />process, or slurry water for industry; water for salt gradient <br />ponds to produce thermal energy; and irrigation of salt tolerant <br />crops. , <br /> <br />Deep well injection and I'lvaporation ponds are the most used <br />disposal methods at inland sites. Deep well injection requires <br />both small brine volumes and a site with suitable underground <br />geologic formations to prevent contamination of ground water. <br />Evaporation ponds are technically feasible for areas with high <br />evaporation rates, low land costs, and level terrain. Accumu- <br />lating saline water in hydrologically closed basins using <br />infiltration ponds, and allowing industrial users to dispose of <br />brine at the site of use were also considered. <br /> <br />--j <br /> <br />~j <br /> <br />Preliminary alternatives were developed using various <br />combinations of the five above-listed categories of components. <br />On-farm or combination on-farm/off-farm alternatives were not <br />evaluated since these were considered to be the responsibility of <br />the Soil Conservation Service had previously studied on-farm <br />solutions. <br /> <br />.;"'" <br /> <br />S-4 <br /> <br />l'" '1 r-.l <br />'v t. v <br /> <br />:;,; <br />".. <br />"----.'~ <br />~~ <br /> <br />!i~ <br />;{-~ <br />, ~-..., <br />~ <br />