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<br />-~-'-'-'-"",,,:,,_-,~~,~. '~"'--f-~- ~-,.-- <br />. ., <br /> <br /><' <br />..,. <br />N <br />e-J <br />.' <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />'~~':,~~:-~:~~~~'-~~~,:~-:_~~~.;~~ <br />.. .... , '. ~ ..,.. '1 <br />. - ,---~ <br />15. ' ' <br />I <br /> <br />-. ~~---" ~,~.;.,t:~-;--~' <br /> <br />. ~~~~,'?~~ . <br /> <br />--.- ""':'_,_'-";:3!:~- <br /> <br />'~l' - <br /> <br />Y:-~%t.: ~ro <br /> <br />circuits. <br /> <br />The limit of "transient" stabilitv is generally <br /> <br />well below that of "steadv-state" stability. <br /> <br />When transmission of electric energy is over a <br /> <br />sinrle circuit, a fault on the line is generallv removed <br /> <br />by dro'Ppinl~ the', Gnt ire circuit and intcrruptinr. the flow <br /> <br /> <br />of power. Sinrl", cireui t linos then;fore ar6 operated on <br /> <br />tha basis of their "stcadv-statc" stability, Obviously <br /> <br />100% steam standbY for such circuits nrust be maintained. <br /> <br />When a transmission line consists of two or more <br /> <br />circuits, a faulty li.r,Q can be removed without dropping <br /> <br />the entire transmission syst0m. Consideration can there- <br /> <br />fore be given to the problem of rcmovinr, certain kinds of <br /> <br />faults with the necessary switchin~ onuipment and still <br /> <br />continue to deliver the oriGinal load without interruption <br /> <br />to service. Tho sectionalizing of such lines adds very <br /> <br />mat0rially to tho power that can be del i vered and such <br /> <br />lines are oTlc;rated on th,; basis of th.ir "transient" sta- <br /> <br />bility limit. Obviously this tyuc of systc;m roquiras less <br /> <br />steam standby, <br /> <br />"ihl,r'J lin.;s arc to b,' opcrat'od with regard to <br />"steady-stat::" li~i t, tho actual loads are held to 700;, or <br />80% of that lied t in order to providc' a safety factor in <br /> <br />opere t ion, Where, 'f)8 rallfOl 1 in, s ar., opere. ted with regard <br /> <br />to ntransi(nt~ stability. the actual loads are held to ap- <br />proximatel;1 801 of the; calculatod "transient" stabilitv <br /> <br />A. B. Roborts <br /> <br />, j <br />