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<br />~~':~:'-;-~- <br /> <br />(:) <br />- <br />N <br />N <br /> <br />.c <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />~-~~~~.~2:;--~--~- <br /> <br />-~' ?-:t~r~'-_.''''.~' ,.- <br /> <br />.",,'J":'-:-::' .~^--,,- -'.'."':"'- - '~ ~Z-:~_~;;'<"1~.-:~/- <br />.- .--;> "'.~.'" <br /> <br />--'-'-~, <br /> <br />-~~~i:r:r~:-';:-':;.~~~~i;~:r'- <br /> <br />"'Q:2;;r1 <br /> <br />11. <br /> <br />." <br /><~ <br /> <br />Since the 0enerutors at Boulder have been installed, <br /> <br />the trl'.nsmission lines are in oper:'.tion I".nd con>craot commit. <br /> <br />ments have bo;,.n made to pay for certain quantities of energy <br />whether used or not, the total annual charges for primary <br />energy at Boulder are approximately constant so that is the <br />best practice to utilize these facilities at the highest <br />load f~ctor possible. <br /> <br />stc::>.m Plant ::efficiencies <br /> <br />The mode~n trend is towards largo, highly effi- <br />cient steam plants, located at favorable points where fuel <br />and cond(;nsin;; water are readily obtained, and due to the <br /> <br />efficiencies obtainable today, the competitive value of <br />hydre .electric ene~gy is less than formerly. <br />The following tabulation shows the: improvement in <br />efficiency of steam plants, as derived from data reported <br /> <br />on page 1317 of the sixth odi t ion of the Standard Handbook <br />for Electric,',l I:nt;1ni.'crs: <br /> Gau :o:;c <br /> Pressure St.;l2.m Tomp. B.t.u. Kw-hr. Mills <br /> Lbs. FGr n.t Throttle per per P0r Kw-hr. <br />Yen.!' Sq. In. Doi';. F. Kv!-hr -, Bbl. ",.90 011 <br />1903 175 375 37,000 170 5.3 <br />1915 200 590 22,000 286 3.14 <br />1923 230 625 20,000 315 2.86 <br />1924 375 700 15,800 400 2.25 <br />1926 550 725 14,500 435 2.07 <br />1926 550 725 14,200 443 2.0S <br />1926 1200 725 12,800 495 1.82 <br /> <br />A. B. Roberts <br />