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<br />MBIAC MIRROR ONATOHJ;C PGHER
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<br />Compiled
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<br />Missouri Basin,'
<br />Inter-Agency Committee
<br />
<br />Subcommittee on Atomic Power
<br />
<br />Dec.
<br />
<br />1962
<br />
<br />No. 28
<br />
<br />***************
<br />
<br />BRITt\IN STARTS SEVEN NUCLEAR PLA~S;
<br />TO SUPPLY '15% OF AU. ELEC1'RICITY
<br />(Chicago Tribune - 10/21/62) ~
<br />- By Joseph Cerutti -- London -
<br />Britain is bui14ing seven nuclear
<br />power stations.. ' All arc due for
<br />completion between August 1963, and
<br />September 1967,. when, it is esti-
<br />mated, about" lS p,ercent of !:hena-
<br />,tion's 'total electric power require-
<br />n;rents will be, supplied from atomic
<br />energy.. The new, sta,tions will feed
<br />their power into. the government's
<br />nationalized electriCity system. Four
<br />are being built in Englund, nzo in
<br />Wale,S and one in Scotland., They will
<br />'add their output to five alrea!iy
<br />ftmct1,oning. Of the 12 stations,
<br />. nine, . including two whicnopened in
<br />June and, July this year, will Qe, con-
<br />trolled.by the'~entral electricity,
<br />gener'lting board.. Three older one!!,
<br />built mainly. for experimental pur-
<br />pose!!, are operated by the atomic en-
<br />ergy authority which was set ,up by
<br />the government in 1954 to carry o,ut
<br />its nuclear energy program.
<br />The atomic energy authority's plant!!
<br />include Calder Hall, the world'!! first
<br />commercial-scale nucle.ar power station
<br />which began delivering electrici.ty
<br />.into the national grid system six
<br />years ago, and Dounreary in Scotland
<br />which claims a world record by pro~
<br />.,ducipg electriCity on a commercial
<br />'scale from a "fast. breeder" reactor,
<br />f!ince calder Hall started operating..
<br />,in ,1956, the govertnnent's smni.t:ious
<br />nuclear power program has suffered
<br />,teething troubles. In their first
<br />flush of enthusiasm, the government's
<br />scientific advise~s predicted that by
<br />(cont.p.3)
<br />
<br />!!
<br />,!$~;;'
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<br />INCREASE COAL ENERGY
<br />, < YIELD TO FIGHT ATOM
<br />Go?test for Market.Sure'to
<br />Cut Cost of Electrical Power
<br />(By Che~ly.Manly, Chicago
<br />Sunday Tribune- 10/14/62)
<br />Government and private industry ex-
<br />perts disagree,about the time that
<br />will be required for atomic energy to
<br />become competitive with fossil fuels
<br />for tlle production of electric pot.zer.
<br />The main reasons far this uncer-
<br />tainty are abundance, of conventional
<br />fuels and constantly increasing effi-
<br />ciency in their conversion"to elec-
<br />tric energY.Th~3. the c6mforti~g
<br />prospect 'is thetpower.' costs will con-
<br />tinue to go down np matter which
<br />source of energy eventually proves
<br />to be cheaper.. .
<br />About 125 electric power companies
<br />are participating in'18 commercial
<br />nuclear power projects which are
<br />either in operation, under construc-
<br />tion; or projected, and in seven long-
<br />range nuclearpower'research programs.
<br />Largest of the all-nuc~!ilar power proj-
<br />ects in operation is the Dresden sta-
<br />tion of the Commonwealth Edison Com-
<br />n pany, 50. miles sQuthwest of. Chicago
<br />., on the lllino:l:s,wateriiay; whichre-
<br />., . centlyincreasedits generating capa~
<br />city from 180,OOO~o 200,000 kilowatts.
<br />, Advances in nuclear reactor technol-
<br />'ogy thus far made in this far-flung
<br />experimental program are highly en-
<br />. ~_:_;'. couraging, but there are exciting de-
<br />.. velopments iri other aress of energy
<br />conversion. Great progress has been
<br />made in the direct cQnversion of heat
<br />to electric energy.
<br />In existing plants, using either
<br />.nuclear or fossil fuels, heat is con-
<br />verted to electric energy by means of
<br />a steam-driven turbo~generator. This
<br />intermediate step is eliminated by
<br />thermoele.ctric and the1."lllionic devices.
<br />In thermoelectric devices, one junc-
<br />tion of two dissimilar conductors is'
<br />heated and the other junction is
<br />cooled, This causes, a current to flow
<br />. ~
<br />in the circuit'. IIi thermionic devices,
<br />electrons are, emitted by heated metal
<br />arid collected on a cool,electrode.
<br />From these they pass thru an external
<br />circuit' back' to the emitter, thus pro-
<br />ducing electrical energy. .
<br />(cont.p.4)
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