|
<br />00.05.3'7-
<br />
<br />. 1',:;-: ,-'. .,_:':, " -, ::',~" .:-';~
<br />..'.:',. ...,. ~.-" ,
<br />;.,...' , . '
<br />.. . :~.. :.,": ,>~ :;,':.'~~..,~
<br />,J' " :-';.....~ ,':::, .
<br />..
<br />
<br />26
<br />
<br />Kansas State Board of Agriculture
<br />
<br />,. . ," "
<br />," . - , ~,' " '. ,
<br />: . .:-"~::-:'~~ - .',
<br />: ~~. ..,:.: ~~ .," ". .. . .. .."
<br />
<br />~(~~a.i~
<br />
<br />
<br />,........ ", ','
<br />.":..:. "'<''';"."'-<>:
<br />'.' : :.:," " ,~
<br />
<br />WATER PROBLEMS OF THE BASIN'
<br />
<br />Approximately 102,000 acres of land along the main stem and
<br />tributaries in Kansas are subject to flooding.. Several towns within
<br />the basin are located either wholly or partially in the alluvial flood
<br />plain, and in these municipalities heavy losses occur following pe-
<br />riods of excessive rainfall. The towns that suffer the greatest dam-
<br />age are Quenemo, Ottawa and Osawatomie on the Marais des
<br />Cygnes river and Fort Scott on the Marmaton river.
<br />Seven cities along the main stem and tributaries are dependent
<br />upon the stream flow as a source of municipal and industrial water
<br />supply. The total volume of water discharged annually from the
<br />Marais des Cygnes river is many times greater than the quantity.
<br />needed for municipal and industrial use, yet there ,are times when
<br />the flow in the stream is not sufficient to meet such requirements.
<br />Turbidity of the river water is usually well under 1,000 p.p.m.
<br />Hardness varies from about 200 to 300 p.p.m., with occasional
<br />higher or lower values. The chloride is always less than 50 p.p.m.
<br />and usually under 25 p.p.Ill.
<br />Municipal ground water supplies in this basin are few in number
<br />and vary in hardness from about 300 p;p.m. at Reading to about
<br />550 p.p.m. at LaCygne. Chloride varies from about 15 p.p.m. at
<br />Reading to around 40 p.p.ro. at LaCYF;ne.
<br />Unless there are some means provided for regulating stream flow
<br />and the assurance of a plentiful supply of water at all times, the area
<br />. will not be attractive to industrial development.
<br />The Marais des Cygnes river provides a natural means for the
<br />disposal of sewage and industrial wastes from the many towns and
<br />industries in the basin. Most of the wastes are treated before be-
<br />ing discharged into the stream, but there are oome communities and
<br />industries that discharge the raw sewage direct to the river. During
<br />periods of low flow, the concentration of pollution creates a serious
<br />health menace and is damaging to animal and aquatic wild life.
<br />
<br />INVESTIGATION AND PLANNING
<br />
<br />Probably the earliest attempt toward flood prevention in the
<br />Marais des Cygnes Basin was made following the disastrous flood
<br />of 1909, when a petition signed by the governor of Kansas and resi-
<br />dentB of Franklin county WilS submitted to the Secretary of Agric.ul-
<br />ture requesting a survey of the river and overflow areas from the
<br />state line to its headwaters. In compliance with this request, Drain-
<br />age Investigations of the Office of Experiment Stations made a 8Ur-
<br />
<br />.... . ....: ..,.; ': ":..~>.~.:.,:....~..>.,
<br />::..,:,:>0-,. .;"<''->:
<br />
<br />,.;..'.'.,
<br />
<br />..
<br />
<br />....:.,...." .,..'...:' "
<br />:... :." ".' . .,:".~ :'::"~:: ;:'
<br />.. ... .. .. .~ . .. ','
<br />0'" ........'.....,.'
<br />". /..'t~.:.'.::..-:..
<br />
<br />:,,' .'..... .',
<br />::,:',:: -,::\:" ,..:~':.'.,:~....:..':';~..= . ,:';
<br />
<br />: :. :;" .~ ',:, . -:~
<br />
<br />,,'.; ."
<br />
<br />. " ,..'". '..' "...
<br />;...-::.::'../,::?::::.'... '...'....
<br />
<br />..
<br />,... ,:.:, .-...'.;,
<br />
<br />,:"::,;,,:,,,,:",
<br />
<br />.'.,.'..
<br />
<br />"
<br />
<br />.,I..'
<br />
<br />:. .: '~""- .:~,
<br />
<br />.', ....
<br />
<br />::~>.;:,:.;..~;:.)~S~/'~~~'l
<br />; ::~~,<~~~~::;.~' :~:::.\:~>~::~;.::~.i..:;;
<br />:. , : '. .~:;: ". '"
<br />',-"'. "'.'
<br />
<br />. .~. ". . -; ",
<br />
<br />'.... ....,'..,. ..
<br />
<br />, ,'..,
<br />
<br />',..., .
<br />..,..., ..',
<br />
<br />. ,.':......
<br />,'.'-.. ,"
<br />
<br />':..,.,;..
<br />
<br />,.,~:,';,;.'
<br />
<br />-- ...'-.
<br />
<br />. ",'
<br />
|