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<br />\. <br /> <br />" <br />, <br /> <br />Sin..:,;' plalllllll1t I'm Ihe fulure mU~l be bascd 11f~1 on.l <br />deaf undcfslandml!: Ollhl.' prl'\"Jilin~ ~lualion. Iht' plan <br />for de\'dopmenl of land and W4lcr resources tu Illeet <br />fUlure f('qulf('nh~nls ....as fllfmulJlt'u on J foundatIOn <br />l:\ln~I\llIIg of im"cnturil.'s Ilf the J\Jlbble land Jnd watt'! <br />1t'l.OUr,;cs, lhe ("\11.'111 of current dt'\t'lopmenl Jnd use uf <br />Iht'S(' ft'MlUfl.'C'\, Ihe pwblems wlll..:ll lelllaln unrt'$ol\'ed: <br />Jnd Iht prC'\"aihntl leg;lI and IIISlllullllll:1l r'a.:lors whkh <br />ha,-c gll\'errwd lhe development and maIlJ,!:C'llll'nl of <br />walef and bnd 1('....lur..:('$. Ilowest'r. nol all J'Pl.'<.:I. of Iht' <br />prevailmg sl!Ualloll arC' equall} .:kH. p:H1ially he'"Juo,(' of <br />IUllllillions of J\';ul.:1bk d:Ha and parliJ.lJy beCim~ waler <br />t.:OIlSISlt'ntly refu!.es 10 n,','llp.lllle ,II,' b('ha\'IOr ,'hara..:ler. <br />'\tin and imlllullonal JTrillll!{'I1l{'llh Imp..l~d b} miln. <br /> <br />LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL <br />CONSIDERATIONS <br /> <br />The currenl \lJIU~ 0'- bnd and Wil1l;'I rt.....,urce~ <br />developrn"'tll III lhe \lisWUrl Rls'er BJ\l1l ha~ hnllled <br />signifi.::mce I.) plan (nrmu!Jtl..1Il Wllhout ~me under. <br />sl:lIlding ul th{' legal and IIlS1Ilutioll:!1 conSJderallOns <br />which havt go~erned their JC'\"clnpmenl and u-.e Tilt <br />II.'~al fJctors Indude Feuerill slatutcs. Stalt 1.1\...s. parllc, <br />ularl} Willel la....-s. and Iht Slale enabling legislatIOn <br />....-llIch has fmtered lorman..m of llood l'l1nlro! disllklS. <br />iaigallun disukl\. wJlelshed dislru.-h. rural walcl <br />dlstn..:ls. ....alcr nmloC",an..:y dISlIl":ls. "<inllotry dlsllKIs. <br />and others. Thl." Hhlllullonal con)lder,lIlons IIIdudt Ihe <br />'-unctions Jnd r,)Ii~'iI," IIf Slale :lnd Federill ..g..'nt'les <br />mvoh'ed in plJnnmg. de\d\lrm~, Jnd nlJna~mg land and <br />w:lIer resour..:l's. Jnd Ihl:' fUI1,.tion\ 01 SUbdl\-I'IOI1S or <br />10l'al gtl\'Crnmenl and mdl\"IJuah In lhen relatlomJup\ <br />wllh the Slales and thl:' h:..1l:'r..1 .Igen":le-s In Ihe de'wlop- <br />men 1 Jnd u..e ,,'-wOIler and lebll'd land rtSo()Uh-es, <br /> <br />WATER LAW <br /> <br />Waltr Ia.... omd lhe- Wall'r flghh of lIldl\'idu.i1\. <br />wbdl\'islOfiS of 10..:...1 g<l\trnmenl. and cllrpurale tntllles <br />"Ie Ihe fundal11l:'ntal legal b..sis for waler rCS<-lur,'e <br />de\'{'lopment and UIoC'. ..nd. bl."cJu<,(' of the es!;enllal <br />rebll.mship of 1.1Ild Jnd VI Jl..'r flll proJUCUH' uS('. W3lel <br /> <br />CHAPTER 4 <br /> <br />EXISTING SITUATION <br /> <br />liiw Ius had a ..."nifi..-anl IIItlUl:'nce un Ihe uS(' of lhe <br />basln's land re">(IUU':e~, <br />Within Ihe \lis.....lurl HI\{'r BaslII. Slale WJler laws arc <br />ba~J on Iwo dl~lm\:1 d,)Cllllles. Ihe s'ommun law <br />d.J<:trine of nparlall nghls and Ihe do.:llllle of prior <br />"pprupllallon Slat...d bllell~. under ripatlan dO\:lrine. <br />the uwn...r of land I:onliguous to a natural Slr...am or <br />nalUral lake may U\I: th{' walCI~ 1Il ~uch quanlllles as he <br />wishes. so lon~ ..,1m use does not applC'dably dimlllish <br />the rlow or tmpalf Iht quallly uf Ih... water for <br />downstream U-.e'. rhe nparran owner's lighl is SUbJ{,1:110 <br />Ihe s.Jrm' right en)o)oerl b} others sinlllarly located. lIis <br />filth I is nOI a..:qUlred by a..:lUal u..e of water. nor is il <br />unpaired by failure 10 uS(' II. <br />Under Ihe d,l,;lIl1lC' of prlUI ..ppmprr;l!lUo. benefidal <br />uS(' IS lhe bJ~ls. Ihe Illeasur{'. Jlld lilt' IImil of the waler <br />f1~ht The firsl beneficial appruptlalllln III lime {'njoys <br />Ihe prior lI~hl. The righl I~ perledC'd onl} by aclual <br />benelkial U'>C and m..y be lust if thai u..... IS dls<:ontinued <br />or aband'lIIcd. The ..pprllpnated waler ma} be ustd <br />eilhl'r 011 lilllds 'onllgu..)u~ 1.1 lh~' streillll or ..11 lands <br />dislJnl from Ihe lolltam. In pra\:lice. Ihe pllor apprupna. <br />lioll duclrine al">(l defincs prturilil'5o of benefi\:i...1 use. <br />wnh dume!.lli: and Jglkultulal U'>CS gl."nerally havlIlg <br />~mollly ('\'er olher U~'S. <br /> <br />In Ihe \11~SOUfl River B.iS-III. IWo SI..les (\linnesola <br />and \lllo$t1UIIJ l'OnllllUI:' 10 It'':\l~nlle Ihr npJIIJIl dfl<;lrlllt <br />exdumely. whitt lhlet slJles (Colutadu. \1\Jlllana, and <br />Wyormn[o!.) ha\'1:' bJ~J Ihelr waler laws sol{'ly 011 Ihe <br />dOcllllle (11 puor Jpproprlallon. In Ihe stales of Kanr.as. <br />?'\l'blaska. :\'ollh and Suulh DJkuta. and Iowa. stale <br />Water la.....s rely hea\uy <In the approprial1on doclrine, bul <br />re~ognile' the nparian do,'liine in \'arying degrel."s. The <br />....all'r Ia.....s of lov.J make Ilian} us.:s of ....all'r IIIlhe Slale <br />M1bjc..:t 10 ..dmlllisllall\"c II:'~ulall'l/l r~;udlllg di\'ersion. <br />slola~e. <If ....Ithdrawal. Thl~ regulallun IS applied under a <br />Waler permll for spedfierl perl,>ds of IlIlle n,)! e\:l"l'eding <br />10 years. aflel which the r1PtIS for Ul>e all." subje~1 10 <br />revi{'.... Jnd Il'lssuance by Ihe St:ilte. II is nOleworlhy Ihal <br />\Iinnesola and \h.ssoufl. which uliliL{' lhe rlp.JlIan <br />rlol-uine {'xdus.I\'el}. ;md Ill.....a. whl..:h ulllius a ptrmll <br />SYSlem. Jre sllualC1.l1ll Ihe more humid areu ollh... basin <br />VI here precipitatIOn I!. mure aJ<-quale and surfact......alel <br />~upplies .He more pltntlful Jnd depe:ndJble !-Jowe\el. <br /> <br />37 <br />