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<br />4. Solid set - a sprinkler system seldom seen in extensive High Plains <br />irrigation. It employs a system of permanently installed pipe and <br />sprinkler heads, comparable to automatic, buried systems used for <br />many lawn and landscape installations. <br /> <br />5. Trickle/Drip or other direct application methods - although not pre- <br />sently in significant use in the High Plains irrigated area, except <br />for very specialized crop applications, there is significant research <br />underway to test modifications of existing sprinkler systems (center <br />pivots, side-rolls) to achieve the high water use efficiencies of <br />trickle systems on typical field crops. The more common trickle/drip <br />application methods use a system of small diameter plastic pipe with <br />emitters (outlets) at each plant, thus minimizing the extent of water <br />application and wetted surface areas. A variation on the principle <br />of surface application-trickle/drip systems is the use of buried <br />distribution pipe with emitters (called "bubblers") beneath the soil <br />surface. <br /> <br />xvi <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />