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<br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />..r;:. <br />o <br />C.u <br />w <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />well, discrete fis sure, " etc. 12 <br /> <br />The EPA is applying permit requirements to irrigation return <br /> <br />flow where two conditions exist: "(1) there is a point source of dis- <br /> <br />charge (e. g., a pipe, ditch, or oth~r defined or discrete conveyance, <br /> <br />whether natural or artificial); and (2) the return flow is from land ar- <br /> <br />eas of more than 3,000 contiguous acres, or 3,000 non-continuous <br /> <br />acres which use the same drainage system. ,,13 Significantly, the <br /> <br />entity in control of or responsible for the discharge, such as an irri- <br /> <br />gation district, becomes the permittee. 14 The deadlines for setting <br /> <br />effluent limitations, noted above, apply to agricultural discharges. <br /> <br />The EPA has also established "cutoff points" for applying the <br /> <br />permit procedures to animal confinement facilities. Permits are <br /> <br />required where the following number of animal units, held for more <br /> <br />than 30 days, are exceeded: 1,000 head of slaughter and feeder cattle; <br /> <br />700 head of dairy cattle; 3,500 swine; 10,000 head of sheep; 30,000 or <br /> <br />100,000 laying hens and broilers (depending upon handling systems); <br />15 <br />and 5,000 ducks. <br /> <br />Naturally Occurring Water Quality Problems. The effluent <br /> <br />limitations and permit procedures of PL 92-500 apply to human activ- <br /> <br />ity and do not address natural sources of pollution. The Salinity Con- <br /> <br />troI Act of 1974 (P. A. 93-320), discussed elsewhere, in contrast, <br /> <br />does authorize (1) the construction of projects to control, among other <br /> <br />things, the Crystal Geyser and the Las Vegas Wash groundwater, and <br /> <br />3 <br /> <br />i <br />