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WSP00259
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Last modified
1/26/2010 12:13:28 PM
Creation date
10/11/2006 9:36:41 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8281.980
Description
Colorado River Studies and Investigations - Upper Gunnison/Uncompahgre Basin Water Study
Basin
Gunnison
Water Division
4
Date
11/4/1988
Title
Draft Report - Application of Remote Sensing and GIS to Estimate Irrigation Water Use in the Upper Gunnison River Basin in Colorado
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />Attribute files were built using ERIS (Earth Resource Information System) (ESL, <br />Inc., 1987a) for both the section and irrigation overlays. These files enabled every <br />polygon to carry mUltiple attributes. The ERIS file for the section overlay contained <br />~ one variable de~cribing the section as having been defined by USGS quad, fence lines, <br />, or visual estimation. Each field in the irrigation overlay carried eight attributes: <br />~ basin, quad, tqwnship, range, section, digitizer, photointerpreter, and irrigation <br />'\ status. Digiti~er and photointerpreter attributes contained the last names of the <br />~ individuals who digitized and photointerpreted the data. The irrigation attribute <br />~ contained information on the irrigation intensity and status (high, low, or none) <br />extracted from tpe 1987 satellite scenes. <br /> <br />Attribute files are very useful for querying large databases because the user can <br />quiCkly select information that is pertinent to his needs. For example, a user may <br />want to tabulate acreages of all fields in basin 14020002 with high-intensity <br />irrigation. A similar query might call for a plot of all fields in the Crawford quad <br />with any irrigation, regardless of intensity. The database was designed to anticipate <br />a wide variety qf queries and to permit updating in an efficient manner. Use of <br />mUltiple-attribute files is not without its problems, though. Digitizers must perform <br />intensive quality control and database checks. One measure we employed was to compile <br />attribute files one quad at a time. Attributes were only incorporated in the total <br />database after a 'quad had been completely entered and checked. This kept interactive <br />procedures spee4y because file sizes were small. It also minimized risk to the <br />attribute database as a whole through inadvertent purging or modifications of "good" <br />records. <br /> <br />Greenness Transformation <br /> <br />Three SPOT and two Landsat HSS (multispectral scanner) satellite images were <br />acquired for the:project over the Upper Gunnison Basin in June of 1987. Imagery <br />acquisition was timed to coincide with the period of maximum crop cover prior to the <br />first cutting of hay. <br /> <br />Greenness images were prepared from the digitial MSS (Kauth, et. al.. 1979) and <br />SPOT (Verdin, et. al., 1987) scenes. Greenness coefficients were adjusted for sun <br />angle and applied: to each of the multiband images to create single band images with <br />grey values indicating relative vegetative cover. The larger the grey value, the more <br />robust and green the vegetative cover for a given pixel (ground-resolution unit). <br /> <br />Ground control points located on the satellite images were used to transform the <br />digitized field-boundary data to the satellite image pixel coordinate systems <br />(20-meter cells for the SPOT images and 57-meter cells for the Landsat images). <br />Rasterization converted the digitized vector data to raster, or cell, format <br />equivalent with the satellite images. This was done so that the satellite greenness <br />images could be used to determine the 1987 irrigation status of the fields interpreted <br />from NHAP photography. Because of the lower resolution of the Landsat data, it was <br />only used where SPOT coverage was lacking, which was approximately 10 percent of the <br />total irrigated area. <br /> <br />Graphics maskS of the digitized data were overlaid on the greenness images to aid <br />in determining the' relation between greenness values and irrigation practice (Figure <br />2). The relative greenness values were then mapped to three values, or categories _ <br />no irrigation, low intensity irrigation, high intensity irrigation - based on location <br />with relation to delineated polygons, information gained during the summer field <br />reconnaisance, and appearance on the NHAP photography. <br />
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