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<br />0025o-~ <br /> <br />Colorado River Municipal Water District; Meteorology Research, Inc.; <br />Texas A&M University; and Texas Tech University. <br /> <br />The 1975 summer season at the Big Spring-Snyder site was primarily <br />devoted to collecting radar data on cells (individual clouds), <br />rawinsonde data to identify thermodynamic properties, and rainfall <br />data to learn more about precipitation characteristics. <br /> <br />An intensive mesoscale experiment was initiated in 1976 to obtain <br />data for the study of cloud formation, growth, intensity, and move- <br />ment, as well as interrelationships between convective activity and <br />the environment. Case studies in 1976 show that, in most instances, <br />both surface and upper air conditions were altered significantly by <br />convective activity and vice versa. Findings demonstrate the neces- <br />sity of mesoscale data in assessment of environmental conditions <br />associated with convective activity and for determining interactions <br />of convective clouds with their environment. A real-time surface <br />network of stations appears to be a valuable tool for determining <br />the location, occurrence, and intensity of convective activity. In <br />the 1978 field season, internal cloud processes were examined for <br />the first time to provide additional insight into the environmental <br />effects of the rainmaking processes of a cloud. <br /> <br />In addition to the mesoscale experiment, satellite studies provide <br />descriptions of cloud events, and it was learned that the maximum <br />number of isolated clouds occur during the afternoon. Clouds in the <br />project area tend to be simple in structure and short-lived. It is <br />uncertain at this point whether they are dominated by the coalescence <br />or ice-phase process, or a combination of both. Comparisons of radar <br />and aircraft data show that meaningful radar reflectivity can be <br />obtained near cloudbase. <br /> <br />An economic evaluation of possible precipitation augmentation effects <br />on product i on of various crops shows that the greates t response to <br />increased rainfall usually occurs when precipitation is received <br />before the crop is planted or during its growing season. The study <br />performed in-house at TDWR indicates substantial increases in <br />regional crop revenue could result from a lO-percent increase in mean <br />monthly precipitation in the late winter and summer months. Also, <br />there are significant regional effects on output, income, and employ- <br />ment associated with the spending of increased crop production income. <br />For rangelands, rainfall during spring months is very important to <br />the condition of the range during the balance of the year. Condi- <br />tions of the previous year have significant impacts on current range <br />conditions, since carryover of healthy plants is important in <br />establishing a good stand in following years. A lO-percent increase <br />in rainfall in April i./Ould have the largest effect on total income to <br />area 1 ivestock producers. It is estimated that an annual lO-percent <br />increase in April to October rainfall would reduce ground-water <br /> <br />II 1-14 <br />