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<br />9130
<br />
<br />IlJl'3...3
<br />
<br />th1s !n&tance the opponente tbt'mselv~ ....ere
<br />fa.r trmn conatateot In web' vlews.-
<br />Of IIV lITeater -'.gnlftcance are the atate_
<br />ments of !.hill bW". BupporUn. wblch conftJ'm
<br />that no pow.., to ignore approppatloM was
<br />glvell to the Sene1.ary." ~ntatl1'e
<br />SWing. autbor of tM bUJ, responded to Mr.
<br />Hayden" UHrtlon that nlch .. power 111M
<br />given with ao emphatic denial; "the dLltrt-
<br />buUnD wl.11 either be by agnoement bdwe.>n
<br />th" States or under their respective IaWII:'
<br />House n..arlngs. .7UFd, note 1,.at 3::1. The
<br />followlng year be eJ[pla1n~ that the Un1t.ed
<br />Stat" would not d1Bj::lOH at wakT rlghte
<br />under !.be bill; Il would merely Bt.ol"e water
<br />belonpng to per*>W1 acquiring their rlgbtll
<br />under ata"" lR.... See p. 3. npra. In 1928.
<br />defend1ng the Hause bill BplWlt ao Arizona
<br />'\11110_' clJ.az-ge that California might ap-
<br />propriate thl enltre Lo....er B&d.n aupply. Mr.
<br />Swing did not dlllpute the at.ateOU'ot ... to
<br />~ornlo.'l r1ghtll but reinforced It by de.
<br />clarlng that Arizona....... rue to make appro.
<br />prlatlo.... t<<>. HoWM! HeulJ>p, 6Vpra. note
<br />11. at 51-63. Helater....ured the HO'Uae \.bat
<br />notwithstanding the bl1l Arizona "lUll bJLlI
<br />the b.m.,t1.t of the law or prior approprla.
<br />tlon, and Ibe lUll ha.B the rllht to the bene.
<br />tl.elal use at any or tbe water IIhe l.I sble
<br />to put to uw." 69 Conl..Rec. 9:781. Delph
<br />ClU"pent.er. proponent ot tbe Iii contract
<br />requlrem(!n~, aald that it w... dealgned to
<br />burden ItoJ'aae water with the Compact.
<br />and thua to protl'Ct the tipper BasIn. and
<br />t.tu.t "11]t hall nothing to do ..Uh the !,oter.
<br />stelle relatIons betwelD Arirona and Cali.
<br />tornla." - Senator Johnaon. apolUKlr (If the
<br />Senate blll. told the Senate the bill w.. made
<br />II PlITt ot the reclamation law. which "Ipe.
<br />cttl.Cl\lly proteetll ..ach State In ita waur
<br />rlghta and 1n the rlghtll or the cltizen.. of
<br />tbooH State8 10 water." 68 O:>ng. Rec. 429:1.
<br />Senator PittmAn Inlillt.ed there w... notb1ng
<br />In the bill Cprlor to lhe" Calilornla limlta.-.
<br />\Ion) to prnent either Arl7.ona or Calltornla
<br />lrom approprtaUng 1111 the water Ille could
<br />
<br />. Thus, alm.:.l In the same breath with
<br />which Repr.-nta.lIve Colton made hll then
<br />aeemlngly dire predletlon or lIatlonal eon.
<br />trol. he declared tbat ':,Arl7.ona 1JI not a party
<br />at all to tb1a compad. She and her dUzena
<br />may appropriate wnter at any ume." 119
<br />CoNGa_IOHU RJX:OlW 9646. ArIJ;OlIn. ILIl baa
<br />all'\"ady been polnte<l out. _ bUlllly oppG6lng
<br />the bill on the lIpeCllIc ground tbat It lett
<br />Calltornla tl'ff to approprtat.e from the river.
<br />"'lbe one apparent eKceptkln to tha una-
<br />nltnltyat '1'1_ among Lbe blll'a aupporte... II
<br />tbe Iltll-tement In Rc>p.-...entatlve Smlth'a reo
<br />p:lC"t ot the third Swing bUl to tho aoUJ!O!:
<br />"All rlght.a respedll1g water or power under
<br />the proJ~t are, under the terme or the bill,
<br />to be dlspoll<'d of by contrllCt by the Govern.
<br />ment. It'" not i"IlUIOnable to ..ume that
<br />the Government will dlJ anything of an un.
<br />fa1r or preJudlcll\l nature to Arb;ona.," n,R.
<br />Rep. No. 16$7. 119th Cong., 2d SelIII. 11.
<br />-510 notle 1. n<p-r<I, and IICCOmp&Ilylng
<br />teJ;l. Mr. carpenler'll ~mlU"1uI alao Include4
<br />the to.llowlllfl:: "'EJ;cept by eontm.ct mlMle ..
<br />h!'l'lln IlbtoPd' means thls: U the !low ot the
<br />ColOrado Rtver 111 oonlrolle4 and I?gUtated. by
<br />the CX>lllItructlon of the Bla.ek Canyon Daln.
<br />and an, penon In the Sta.to$ ot Arlzona at-
<br />tempt to we any water out of the Iltream
<br />whlcb haa bft'Il cUaebarged trom the tl!l:lol'TI'Olr
<br />and III being canled In tho stream bed. as a
<br />l1aturl\l conduit, tor delivery to low..r u.era.
<br />thlll law would be brought Into etreoM; a.nd he
<br />woold be prt'v..nted from ualng any ot that
<br />Wllkor independent ot the COlorado rover
<br />comped but unu.eumbere<:l by any ot.h<'1'
<br />candltlon tor the bcniC'll.t ot Callfornta and
<br />Nevada. In othor worcU. the compe.ct <1.-
<br />not dlsturb the rlght.ll between ArizonA, Call.
<br />lornia. and Nevada. tnt..r ~n, all to their
<br />portion at th.. 1Ii"Il~r." Hearings. ~Ul'r<I. note
<br />1. at 1113.
<br />
<br />CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SLNATE
<br />
<br />UJII!." Senator Phlppa, whC>>fl' a.mendment
<br />becama the California limitation. decllU"fll
<br />that &DY dJapute OVN the relatl"e rlgbtll at
<br />Arizona and at Loa Angel" wO'llld be re-
<br />-mved by the Seeretary in ac<:CJl"dance with
<br />prlortty of appropriation and the normal
<br />prderence for doml:lltlc over agrlculturaJ
<br />~.
<br />Ot turther weIght In lupportlng the view
<br />thu COngr.... did not oonatrue Iii to dert.ro,
<br />the laW 01 appropriatIon and apportion-
<br />ment'" the tad that th.. entire controv..rSJ
<br />over the Calltornla l1m1tatlon took pla~ atter
<br />Iii waa addt'd to the bUl. Utah _10 cer-
<br />tain that Arizona remaJnel! t,-- to appro-
<br />priate water deaplte t Ii tbat we repealed
<br />het' ratUleatlon ot the lIa.State Compll.<'t
<br />th..reafter.- While the original cummltW'e
<br />amendment to the Act would have require<(
<br />the 8ect"etary to limit California'. approprla.
<br />tlonll, the debatea .vldel1C11 no convlctlon
<br />that the Secretary bad even a permlsalve
<br />authority to do 10 by virtue ot the un.
<br />amendedl{>.
<br />rv_ Till: .u,lUt<G 0'" OTHD. PIlOVIllIO/OlS OF Till:
<br />",0~1:CT ACT
<br />Notblng In tbe Project Act e>l.preaaly gives
<br />the Secretary power to Igno", approprlat.ion.a
<br />110 long u'lInanClal condltlona are Ulet and
<br />tb.. Compact and llmltaUon.a are obaerved.
<br />8enaWl' IbTt>I:N and PlttPlllll. .... the Court
<br />notea. did Indlc.ate that I f(a.) pro"lded tor
<br />an apportionment ot the wll.ter. altbough
<br />eventh..ydldl1ot.uggeattbatI4(aj gave
<br />any authority to the Secretary to IIlll.ke an
<br />apportionment by b.1II oonlracta or to allocate
<br />the burdens in time ot ahortage. But In any
<br />event. ... already noted. pp. .....S. .upra. I 4
<br />dOl'Cl not by Ita t<'rmll mRke an apportion-
<br />ment; rather It lllmpl'.requtr.... .b-State
<br />ratltl.caUon ot the Compact ~d an agree-
<br />m..nt by CaUtornta to Umlt her ahare ...
<br />condltlona on the ..lI'eetlven.... or tne Act.
<br />and luthorw.ell an apportionment by the
<br />Stal_ tht!tOll<'lv.... In tha wOI'd. or Sen-
<br />.to!" JOIINSOH. the provllllon"o 0 . doee not
<br />divide the water betwll<!n Allum. nnd Call-
<br />ton>la. It rtXi!'& a maJ;lmum amount beyond
<br />...blch Catttornla can not go." 70 Cong. RIC.
<br />,,,.
<br />Nor daft Ill, whlCb requlrtlll that the dllm
<br />be opetaU<! tor the- ..t.U<taetlOll ot "prellent
<br />pertreted rights" amongot.h..r p~ Indi-
<br />cate by negaUve ImpllcaUOn that the Sec1'e-
<br />wy may Ignore all other appn>prl"uonl.
<br />Thla pro\'1lllon waa dral'te<I by the Opper
<br />8at;ln Statel In order to lnaure that the con-
<br /><UlIon at the Comf>l'(:t hlId been m..t to reo
<br />
<br />.. "It a dam IlhaJl be buttt at Bouldn Ca.n.
<br />YOI1 It will Impound <<rtalD waWa &lid
<br />equate lbe !low below. The water below wUl
<br />be eubJod to approp!"la.tion and we by both
<br />OalltOfnl1l and AllzoJla . . _ . In other worde.
<br />there ... nothing In th1lI propoeed legillla\lon
<br />tbat could pr-e~ent A:rlzona from appropr1at-
<br />Ing from the Colorado R.lver wlthln her bar-
<br />dera aU ot the ..l.er we oould U&e tOl' Irrl.
<br />ga.tton." 6lI CoNG_10H.u. RllCOII.o 4412.
<br />....It /NIClmlJ to me that In ~vtog SUch a
<br />dJJ!Iculty. Ihould It ari&<'. there would be
<br />tAken Into oonaldent.lon tbe fact that water
<br />for domtlllUc uae should take priority over
<br />waler Intended tor ~ ot irrigation.
<br />AsJdetrom t.hat. theM 1I11np are ttret In point
<br />... c:ompar-ed with thoee to wbleb the $Il1at.or
<br />trom Ar1zona retl!ITed. Thoy are for .. su-
<br />per10r U5e'. and. ID addlUOD thrreto, the ap-
<br />plicant who baa made tbe Mini baa pursued
<br />the proper 00UJq In developing t.... manner
<br />or lIppropt1aUon or the manner of diverting
<br />the water and putting: It to the hlihel.t ben.._
<br />t1.e1al UJII!. 1 dO not antiCipate any dimeulty
<br />on that lCOt'e In neo/.vlng lbe queM.lon of
<br />pr1orlt, by ti:MI Seel-etarJ ot the IntA'rlor.p
<br />70 CoNGU:51110N,u, R.J::colLtl HI9.
<br />- See 68 OoNGa&SaION,u, n.:coa.. 300....306S:
<br />HfolIrInp."'I'TO,l1otell.at 191. 193. 21....:.nS.
<br />
<br />.June -'
<br />
<br />U.....ethernrromtheclaimsotpertecteduae-n
<br />below.- That condition ....... the COrultruC-
<br />tlon 01 an adHZuate Iltorase r.....rvOlr ag..I""~
<br />which thoae cla.!ma could be aslIC'rted: the
<br />OomPltct haa natbmg to do with whetber
<br />rlghta pertreted under lllate law alnce 1929
<br />mar be Ignored by the Secretary tn awarding
<br />oontracw. Becuon 8(b). wblch n1bJecw the
<br />UnlU<! StilUS and aU usen ot th.. Project
<br />to an, compact allocating among the Lower
<br />Ba.rJ.11 Statea "Ihe beneAtA. Including po......r.
<br />arllllng rrom tbe use at water accruing to
<br />aid Statea," and IlUbJecU luch aD agr..emenl.
<br />It made atler JlUluar)' I, 1929. to any deUvery
<br />contracta made prior to 1ta approval. 111 slm.
<br />Ilarly no autborlt, tor the Oourt'l cOflcl'l'
<br />.'on. Leg1lllat.lve hllltory Is 1'\rtually ..Uent
<br />11-1 to tbe reaeon tor giving lIuch oontracta
<br />prec..d..nce. bu' th.. pro\.talon ~ lIImply to
<br />bave been Intendf<d to promote the eot..,lng
<br />01 oontracta by IMUrlng their permanence In
<br />accordance ...lIb the rrqUlrement of 15.-
<br />There Ia no IndicatIon In 18(b) wbether or
<br />not the Secretary ls tree In awarding COD_
<br />Ll"act.s to Ignore ex.latlng approprlauon.s; It
<br />merely <'Vldoncecl a polley t.hM rlghta 11/> per-
<br />fected lL8 to ban bec!n reduced to a cx>ntrllCt
<br />for delivery at a conald......tlon. whatever the
<br />b....l. on which they llIIould be awarded.
<br />ought not to her destro}"ed by a n1bl1eq"..ne
<br />Interstateagr....ment.
<br />U the at.e.tute WeTe completely e11ent ..
<br />to wbether the Sec:re1.ary may disregard ap-
<br />propriations. the nortnal lot..rence would be
<br />that Congr_ did not moan to d1llplnce eJ;lst-
<br />Ing law. Enough baa belen &aid ot the lltat.
<br />ute'lI hlnol'y to butl.n!U thlll hrlerence be.
<br />yood questlon. Moreover, the ltatute III by
<br />no mea.na ..Uent on thta matter. The reler.
<br />enCllll in 18 (al and (bl to '"lIpproprlatorll~
<br />or waler atored or deUvered by the ProJC!<lt,
<br />and In 14(a) to the talUng of ltepe "to
<br />Initiate 0<' pertect...y clalma to the use or
<br />water.. made available by the dam. are onl)'
<br />the I.....t evidence." Sectlon 14 provldl'.ll th,"
<br />the Reclamatlon Law Iball govern the op.
<br />eratlol1 or Hoonr Dl\m except na the PToject
<br />Act otherw1se providei-. SeetlCln 8 of th~
<br />Reclama.tlol1 Law. 3.2 Stat. 390, 43 tI.s.C.
<br />1383. d1rect.a the s..c:retary ot the loterlorln
<br />ean-ylng out bta dutle. under the Act to
<br />proceed In aooon:I&nce wltb IltAte and 1elTi_
<br />torlal tawa and dedares th..t notbllllJ In the
<br />re<(<'1'alact "&ball In any wa, alfpct any right
<br />ot any State or or the Federal Oovernm.ent o:r
<br />ot any I..ndo....ner. "pproprIMol". or u...... or
<br />water In. to.o:r rrom. lUly interataU' st.r<'&IU
<br />or the watenl the-reot."
<br />Both Repreel'ntallve SWing a.nd St>nlttor
<br />Johnaon emphlllllzed that tblll p!'ovlalon W1l.Il
<br />dellberatoly1ntorporated Into the Project Act
<br />to loIIJegu.ard from ted......1 dtlllkUotIon the
<br />rlgbtA at tho StatH to their sliMes 01 the
<br />water." Thta ooun made clear In Wyomtn, I
<br />v. Colorado. 2H U.s. 41$, 463. that by tbUlI
<br />protecting the rlghta ot any State In an I
<br />1nterstatl! Iltream Congr_ Intended to IN...
<br />untoUched the Inw at 1nt.eratate equltabl.e
<br />apportlonml'nt. 11'Onhoe 1m,. Dilt. Y. Me.
<br />er....krn. 3S7 O.s. 2'75. 281. dMplte ltls dictum
<br />that 18 applies Only to the acqulalttnn or
<br />righta by the Unlted Statea a.nd oot to Ita
<br />opo-ratlon or a dam. holds o.nly that th~ de&!".
<br />
<br />-See Homrlnp. .supro, note 1. At 98. 116.
<br />117.
<br />-Delph Carpenter laid that tbe Sec:-retArJ"..
<br />COll-tracta llIIoUId ~ laDed 101' only . 11m~
<br />ltoed perlod or Ume tn order to give the S\.au..
<br />completefreedomtoA<<t"ee. Id.. at 2M.
<br />. It lIhould a.\8O be noted that, IUI the
<br />MnateT beld. t 18. q'loted. <Inte. p. 35. cleNly
<br />I.....vel e6Cb State tree to apply Ita own law III
<br />det.ennlnlng rlghta among UJII!ra ..Ithin Ita
<br />border.. The Court'a Iltralnied rMdlng of
<br />thla provtslon emlllOl:ulatea It entirely and
<br />~11_evenrnatterlloflOlelylntr&oj.,ote
<br />oonet'rn 011 tbe altar at federal supremacy
<br />. See pp. 3. 1'1_18. I'l<ptCI.
<br />
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