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<br />------- <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />Due to the poor foundation and existing embankment ronditions (i.e., <br />saturated, medium consistency, sandy silty clay) the proposed embankment <br />includes a more sophisticated internal drainage system. The embankment <br />is a modified homogeneous earthfill on a fine grained saturated foundation. <br />The reconnnendations in "Design of Small Dams" (Reference-5) were used as <br />guidelines during the preliminary design. <br /> <br />To increase the embankment stability, a toe drain, drainage blanket, <br /> <br /> <br />and chimney drain were included at the maximum section (Figure-V). The <br /> <br /> <br />chimney drain will also help during earthquakes and other earth movements <br /> <br /> <br />since the drain provides a positive path for seepage from the potential <br /> <br /> <br />cracks during earth movement. In addition, granular soils are "self <br /> <br /> <br />healing" when movement occurs (i.e., the soil reconsolidates rather than <br /> <br /> <br />maintaining cracks, typical of cohesive soils). <br /> <br />To verify the design, a slope stability analysis was also performed and <br />the results are shown on Figure-VIII (page 59). The factor of safety of slid- <br />1ng was found to be greater than 2.0. The critical slip surface shown indi- <br />cates that any failure potential 1S a deep foundation failure. This condition <br />is more critical than a shallow surface slough due to the relatively flat <br />embankment slopes. In addition, the analysis assumes a slip surface (i.e., <br />zero cohesion) when the circle intercepts the bedrock and therefore the <br />sliding resistance is minimized. <br /> <br />3 - Enlargement <br />Due to the site constraints, the amount of dam enlargement is limited <br />by the elevation of the abutment area (see Figure-VI, page 57). By raising <br />the dam from an elevation of 5320 to 5325, an add i t ional storage of 176 AF <br />(see Area Capacity Curve on Figure-II) can be obtained, or an additional <br />storage of 360 acre-feet above the present storage restriction. The required <br />improvements for this alternative are shown in Figures VI and VII (page 58). <br />They consist of constructing a new embankment (140,000 Cy) on the downstream <br />portion of the existing embankment, replacing the emergency spillway (240 CY), <br />replacement of the outlet works, and other miscellaneous items (see also Table- <br />6 (pages 45 and 46). The required land acquisition (approximately 32 acres) is <br /> <br />-23- <br />