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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,I I 2.0 WATER DEMAND 2. 1 General The feasibility investigations for a pipeline system to deliver municipal and industrial water nonna11y depend on detailed analysis of projected population increases and water demand estimates to support sizing of the delivery system. For the Towaoc system, the ul timate water ri ght of 1,000 af per year is a predetennined amount. The analysis of water demands required in this study is therefore only to establish the temporal distribution of the 1,000 af, and to provide a basis for estimating when the full allocation might be use1. In this chapter the historical and existing water use pattern of the Tribe is presented and projecti ons are made of popul ati on increases. It is expected that the water demand pattern wi 11 change in the future as i\ better water quality and a more finn supply becomes available. A prominent factor in regard to short-tenn demands is adequate flow rates to meet fire-flow requirements. Upgrading the fire-flow caoabilities may lead to reductions in insurance rates within the areas being served. The variations of water use due to the seasonal changes are prominent in the semi-arid regions of the west and southwest United States. The monthly, daily, and hourly peak flow requirements are therefore key elements for developing pipeline sizing recommendations. 2.2 Historical Records Reliable and long tenn documentation of the historical usage rates are not available for Towaoc since only limited records have been kept. Table 2.1 contains a sUl1lllary of pumping records of the Towaoc municpal water supply system for the period from December, 1985 to June, 1987. Water is pumped from the exi sti ng unnamed reservoi r near State Hi ghway 666 to the storage tanks above Towaoc. In addition to the pumped water listed in Table 2.1, water has also been supplied to Towaoc from a ground-water infiltration gallery. Only a 2-1 1059c