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<br />Lesson 2 <br /> <br />Basic Hydraulics - Participant Workbook <br /> <br />0= 1.486 AR2/3S1/2 <br />n <br /> <br />2-4 <br /> <br />where: 0 = <br /> n = <br /> A = <br /> R = <br /> S = <br /> <br />discharge (cfs) <br />roughness coefficient (dimensionless) <br />cross-sectional area of flow (ft2) <br />hydraulic radius [area (A) divided by wetted perimeter] <br />(ft) <br />longitudinal slope of water surface (ft/ft) <br /> <br />Uniform flow can occur when discharge, channel geometry, roughness <br />characteristics, and water surface slope are constant for a significant <br />reach of stream. In natural stream settings, uniform flow is not likely. <br />However, for many practical applications Manning's Equation is often <br />appropriate. <br /> <br />Normal depth of flow sometimes is referred to as uniform depth and is the <br />depth at which uniform flow would occur. <br /> <br />2.4. CRITICAL DEPTH EQUATION <br /> <br />GENERAL EQUATION CRITICAL FLOW <br /> <br />Q2 <br />-S<. <br />9 <br /> <br />A3 <br />.:...:l<. <br />T <br /> <br />2.10 Critical Flow <br /> <br />Critical depth of flow occurs at a critical state of flow. Critical depth is <br />defined by the general equation: <br /> <br />02 A3 <br />.:::l<.=-,,- <br />g T <br /> <br />2-5 <br /> <br />2-8 <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />