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<br />increased runoff and sedimentation. When the inspector observes extensive <br />land development activities, an inspection of downstream culverts should be <br />conducted. The inspector should also look for new construction within flood <br />hazard zones, the addition of guardrail or Jersey barrier that would increase <br />the upstream flood hazard from ponding, unexpected or new directions of <br />runoff, and blockages downstream. <br /> <br />4-4.4 Approach Roadway. <br /> <br />Inspection of the approach roadway and embankment includes an evaluation of <br />the roadway condition and functional adequacy. The condition rating is <br />recorded under item 65 on the standard SI&A sheet (see exhibit 31). The <br />functional assessment is recorded under SI&A items 6B and 72. Collection and <br />validation of inventory data needed for the standard SI&A sheet may also be <br />performed as part of the approach roadway inspection. The inspection is <br />performed by visual observation and should be documented by a brief narrative <br />to support the ratings assigned, a sketch of the alignment, and photographs. <br /> <br />Defects in the approach roadway and embankment may be indicators of possible <br />structural or hydraulic problems in the culvert as shown in exhibit 41. The <br />approach roadway and embankment should be inspected for the following: <br /> <br />a. Condition of embankment and roadway <br />(1) sag in roadway or guardrail <br />(2) cracks in pavement <br />(3) pavement patches or evidence that roadway has been built-up <br />(4) erosion or failure of side slope <br /> <br />b. Functional requirements <br />(1) signing <br />(2) alignment <br />(3) clearances <br />(4) adequate shoulder profile <br />(5) safety features <br /> <br />4-4.5 Waterways <br /> <br />The SI&A sheet requires a condition rating for the stream channel (SI&A <br />item 61) and a functional rating of the waterway adequacy (SI&A item 71). <br />These items are inspected visually and should be documented by a brief <br />narrative description supporting the ratings along with sketches and <br />photographs showing the stream alignment and location of problems such as <br />scour or sediment deposits. Vertical distance between the streambed and the <br />culvert invert should also be measured when a significant difference in <br />elevation exists. <br /> <br />64 <br />