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certification to that effect. This certification may be made by a community official, registered professional engineer, or licensed land surveyor. . When the effective NFIP map is an FHBM, BFEs will not be shown The requestor may either determine an approximate BFE using standard engineering techniques or request that FEMA determine an approximate BFE. FEMA will either check the BFE determined by the requestor or, if necessary, determine an approximate BFE using the supporting data for the FHBM orthe best available data. !' When a Preliminary or Revised Preliminary FIRM has been issued and the BFEs shown on the FI RM have been made final by FEMA, those BFEs must be used as best available data. . When the effective NFIP map is a FIRM, FEMA will base the determination concerning the structure or parcel of land on the BFEs shown on the FIRM. Determinations cannot be made using other flood elevations, unless FEMA first revises the effective FIRM to incorporate the new elevations. (See Chapter 4.) . When the effective FIRM shows an average depth of flooding rather than a BFE, the determination will be made by comparing the elevation of the lowest grade adjacent to the structure to the elevation of the surrounding terrain where sheetflow would be conveyed. If the difference in these elevations is equal to or greater than the flood depth shown on the effective FIRM, such that floodwaters cannot be conveyed to the structure, the structure can be excluded from the SFHA. . When the SFHA on an effective FIRM is designated Zone A, no BFEs are shown. In this situation, a BFE may be determined by the same method as that used when the effective NFIP map is an FHBM. . Structures that have been elevated above the BFE on posts, piers, or pilings cannot be excl uded from the SFHA if any portion of the structure (including the posts, piers, or pilings) is still in the SFHA. . If a structure and/or parcel of land has been inadvertently included in both the SFHA and the regulatory floodway, it will be excluded from the SFHA and floodway by a LOMR under the map revision process rather than by a LOMA. (See Chapter 4.) . Neither structures nor parcels of land will be removed from an alluvial fan SFHA -- usually designated Zone AO, with a depth and a velocity shown -- regardless of the elevations of the lowest floor, lowest adjacent grade, or lowest grade point. No determinations can be made for such structures or parcels of land unless it is demonstrated through the map revision process (Chapter 4) or the appeal process (Chapter 3), as appropriate, that alluvial fan flood hazards do not exist at the site in question. . Neither structures nor parcels of land will be removed from an SFHA subject to velocity hazards, designated Zone V 1 - V30, VE, or V, regardless of the elevations of the lowest floor, lowest adjacent grade, or lowest grade point. No determinations can be made for such structures or parcels of land unless the zone designation is changed. Changes to zone designations shown on effective maps are made under the map revision process (Chapter 4). When a new or revised NFIP map becomes effective for a community, that map supersedes all LOMAs previously issued for properties in that community. Once a LOMA has been superseded, it is no longer effective. Therefore, a requestor who wishes a previously issued LOMA to remain in effect must request that it be re-issued. FEMA will base its determination concerning such requests on the latest effective NFIP map. If that map presents new flood hazard information for the area where the property in question is situated, the 37