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<br />the ordinance is rendered ineffective. It is quite possible that the <br /> <br /> <br />failures that have been observed resulted from the inadequate design of <br /> <br />the implementation mechanism. <br />Sensitivity studies (19) of nonstructural management alternatives <br />have indicated that flood proofing is a viable alternative and can be a <br />major contributor to problem solution where flood-plain development <br />consists of scattered buildings that are frequently flooded. Existing <br />intensive development ex peri enci ng infrequent fl oodi ng of a severe na ture <br />does not lend itself to nonstructural resolution. In highly developed <br />areas with an existing problem, structural measures are virtually the <br />only feasible means of accomplishing a reasonable degree of performance. <br />There is little need for land management in rural areas unless there is <br />belief that there will soon be urban development or occupation of the <br />flood plain by activities that would be incompatible with the risk involved. <br />land costs are sufficiently great in areas which are developed that early <br /> <br />acquisition of land for future use as storage sites or conveyance routes <br />could be considered as generally worthwhile. Reservoir storage is a useful <br />component of drainage systems where large portions of the drainage area <br />can be controlled. Such sites in urban areas are usually unavailable. <br />Widely scattered small detention storage sites are more easily located and <br />can be equally effective. <br />Flood forecasting is an alternative that in many cases is considered <br />to be a service that should always be provided and is therefore not a viable <br />alternative to other works. Consider for instance a flood-plain occupied <br />by uses reasonably compatible with the .risk, such as warehouse storage, <br />parking facilities, or regional parks. With proper design, these facilities <br />27 <br />