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Nonstructural works include but are not limited to a variety of land use and facility construction controls. The techniques most frequently described are zoning ordinances and building codes, and one should also 'include flood insurance within the means considered for encouraging compatible land use. Flood proofing and flood warning are other frequently encountered measures. Formulating viable nonstructural alternatives center around the problem of implementation. The implementation of nonstructural management measures requires careful consideration of an important point: as contrasted to structural means that can be undertaken on a majority rule basis, these measures usually require consensus by those involved and individual commit- ment to action. James (12) has stated the situation related to nonstructural measures in a very forthright fashion as follows: "Taken as given the need to design nonstructural measures, a pl anner must recogni ze that he sti 11 needs surveys to obtain information in order to design an approach that will work. A flood plain regulation taken from a uniform code can no more effectively deal with flood damages than can the desi9n of a dam known to work weli in some other place."----------"A planner of nonstl'uctural measures must ascertain what local factors will cause his desigll to function or fail, collect informa- tion on those factors, and use that information to recommend a design that has a good chance to succeed." The specific manage~ent activities that will be needed to make effec- tive use of nonstructural means must be very carefully designed for the situation and public at hand. It is well known that a "thou shalt not" declaration seldom has any chance of success. In most instances, ordinances that are poorly desi9ned provide lawyers with adequate grounds for obtain- ing variances and once these begin to be granted on a continuing basis, 26