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<br />ALTERNATIVES FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT <br /> <br />Alternative Concepts <br />There are basically two approaches possible in stonnwater management; <br />controlling water or controlling people (12), The first category fits <br />within the usual notion of structural measures in which the basic objective <br />is to prevent the water from contacting damageable property by physically <br />controlling the stonnwater. The second category is usually referred to <br />as nonstructural measures that have the same objective of preventing the <br />water from contacting damageable property. 'These measures are designed <br />to keep people from building or living in flood plains or to cause those <br />who do build to alter their use patterns in ways that will help reduce <br />damages when floods occur. <br />This discussion will briefly focus on those structural measures that <br />have been shown or demonstrated to be effective in controlling water, then <br />shift to some comments on the nonstructural alternatives (management <br />measures) which have been receiving increasing attention by planners and <br />the publ ic, <br /> <br />Strlictura 1 A 1 tel'natives <br />Structural alternatives modify the movement of the stormwater through- <br />out the urban area by storage or conveyance facilities. The key elements <br />involved in planning storrrr.~ater management \~orks are space, costs, and <br />institutions for implementation. These fel'/ elements provide focal points <br />for the multiplicity of alternatives possible for managing ul'ban stormwater, <br />The first element, space, is extremely important within an urban area because <br />there are so many competing demands for its use. Space is at a premium <br />20 <br />