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. hazard avoidance stmtegies, which are designed to remove threatened stmctnres from hazard-prone areas throogh land use planning, and through the acquisitiou or reloca. tion of hazard-prone strucmres and areas . strengthening buildings and infrastmcture, which is designed lo protect property from the effects of hazards through in.place elevation of structures, relocation of hazard- prone structures, or floodproofing . maintaining namral environmental features, including dunes, maritime forests, vegetation, and wetlands that reduce flood, wind, and wave impacl~ A fundamental question becomes, how effective are /bese mitigation/ools and /ecbniques in reducing losses from na/ural disasters? Hazard Mitigation in Nortb Carolina: Measuring Success (Measuring Snccess) examines this issue, It is the second in a series of publications prepared by the \'orth Carolina Emergency Management Di\ision (IiCEMD) that capmres and presents the unfolding role of hazard mitigation in Iiorth Carolina; how mitiga. tion has been successfully adopted in communities across the state; and how mitigation is becoming an integral feature of sustainable communities in the state of North Carolina ABOUT THIS REPORT Nea;~Jring Success has four objectives: I. to promote an understanding of the principles and practice of hazard miligation, and how mitigation can contribute to the development of sustainable communities 2. to identify and showcase successful mitigation practices that can serve as models for other communities across the state 3, to introduce tools and technillues that can be used by \'orth Carolina's communities to measure successful mitigation projects 4, to recommend a process and framework for integmting a quantitative approach to measuring mitigation success into the Hazard Miligation Planniug Initiative (HMP!) Neasuring Success contains sLx chapters: Chapter I introduces the concept and practice of sustainable communities, the role of the HMPI in imple- menting a community-based hazard mitigation program, and a framework and methodology for measuring the success of mitigation programs in North Carolina, Chapters 2 through; examine four integral aspects of a sustainable community - Housing, Business, Infrastrucmre and Critical Facilities, and the Environment - and the mitigation measures that have been implemented in communities across North Carolina to incrC'JSe the resilience of these elements to natural disasters, Emphasis is placed on measuring successful mitigation practices that result in c1C'Jrly identifiable and quantifiable omcomes, Chapter 6 presents a process and framework for integmting quantitative mC'dsures of mitigation successes into the Hazard ~litigation Planning Initiative, By following this process, communities across the state "ill be beuer positioned to answer the fundamental question which was: bow bas the adoption and implementa- tion of mitigation measures contributed to a measurable reduction in COmmll1lit}' IfUlnerabili()' to natural bazards? 3