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James 113J has presented a procedure for considering the level of protection as a variable in the economic analysis by minimizing total cost, roughly equivalent to maximizing net benefits. In the analysis of UDFC problems, BCA pen ~e is currently most useful as a partial evaluation tool for alternative major drainage pro- jects because the direct benefits are quantifiable. In using BCA for this application, it is important that the display procedure for project benefits be formulated consistently. In other words, the display of benefit-cost information is difficult to understand and information should be presented in a clear fashion. Different types of benefits should not be quantified and mixed together when they are based on sub- jective criteria or if the quantification procedure is questionable. . Evaluation of Major UDFC Projects The most visible UDFC problems are those associated with the major drainage system. These problems sometimes include risk to life, property damage and other severe consequences. For this reason it is easier to identify the benefits for major UDFC projects than for minor projects. An excellent economic technique for evaluating such projects was recently presented by James [13]. A more detailed description is pre- sented in a text by James and Lee [14] and a comprehensive benefit-cost methodology entitled, "Benefit-Cost Analysis for Urban Drainage Planning, Interim Methodology," has recently been prepared [19], the essence of which is presented later in this report. These approaches identify the reduction in average annual flood damage as the major benefit resulting from UDFC project implementation. This benefit is one of a number of expected tangible benefits from a major UDFC project and can be readily 34