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<br />ROO-20 <br /> <br />Shigeo Tatsuki <br />School of Sociology, Kwansei Gakuin University, . <br />Nishinomiya, Japan. <br />email: tatsuki@kwansei.ac.jp <br /> <br />Haruo Hayashi <br />Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, <br />Kyoto, Japan <br />email: hayashi@drs.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp <br /> <br />Family System Adjustment and <br />Adaptive Reconstruction of Social Reality Among the 1995 Earthquake Survivors <br />by: Tatsuki S., & Hayashi, H. <br />(In Press - International Journal of Japanese Sociology) <br /> <br />The 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake resulted in immense imbalances among and within <br />natural ecosystems, the built environment, and human systems. The current study examined the <br />relationship among familial adjustment, adaptive construction of social reality, and recovery of <br />built environment. <br /> <br />A random sample mail survey was conducted on 3,300 earthquake victims and 993 questionnaires <br />were returned. The survey questionnaire included the following four scales that measured the <br />family system adjustment on family cohesion and adaptability, the adaptive construction of new <br />reality as evidenced by citizenship orientations, the current level of physical and psychological <br />stress, and a subjective evaluation of life recovery. The results were as follows: (1) Those families <br />that exhibited high cohesion and a clear leadership structure in the emergency period were more <br />functional than others. (2) Those families that reported a balanced level of cohesion and <br />adaptability during the recovery period were the most functional in promoting present individual <br />recovery and in alleviating current stress. (3) The rise of civic-mindedness was observed among <br />those who survived the disaster. (4) Those with high civic-mindedness tend to be better <br />recovered with less current physical and psychological stress. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />This paper presented a human ecological model that described the relationships among five <br />components: (I) the earthquake hazard, (2) built environment conditions such as disruption of the <br />lifeline and its recovery, (3) opportunity costs for engaging in exchanges with either basic-trust- <br />based ties or social-trust-based ties, (4) the optimal family system adjustment to corresponding <br />exchange relations, and (5) adaptive construction of new social reality. <br /> <br />. <br />