FLOOD03743

• County: Statewide
• Basin: Statewide
• Title: 25th Annual Celebration Hazards Research and Applications Workshop
• Date: 7/9/2000
• Floodplain - Doc Type: Educational/Technical/Reference Information

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ROO-19

Masasuke Takashima, Harno Hayashi, DRS, DPRI, Kyoto University
Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, Te1:[phone],
Fax:[phone]
E-mail:[e-mail]

Verification ofImpacted Area Estimation Method Using DMSP/OLS Night-time
Imagery - Based on Applications for the Marmara Earthquake (1999) in Turkey and the
Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (1995) in Japan _

1. Introduction

In the case of a large earthquake, it is very important to grasp an overall picture of impacted area
as soon as possible for deploying limited human and material resources adequately. We developed a
method to estimate possible impacted area of significant earthquake disasters using night-time imagery
captured by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Optical Linescan System (DMSP/OLS), which
has the recurrence period of 0.5 day (Kohiyama et aI. 1999). They assumed that the light intensity of the
area would decrease if the buildings collapse or blackout happens due to the earthquake. Those areas
which light intensity after the earthquake decreased significantly by comparing two consecutive
night-time images before and after the event were estimated as the impacted area. This method was
applied for the Marmara earthquake disaster in Turkey (1999) and it seems to identify the damaged cities
successfully. HoweVer, the reliability of estimation should be field-tested by examining what actually
happened in the area estimated to be impacted. In this study, the estimated impacted area of the Marmara
Earthquake and that of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake we estimated based on the same method were
examined in relation to what pattern of suffering was identified in the DMSP estimation method.

2.Verification of the application for the Marmara Earthquake (1999) in Turkey

We conducted a field survey in the impacted area in Turkey. In the field survey, we recorded
with GPS the location of following five types of damage indicators' which tell us the severity of the
impact, I) damaged structures, 2) demolished structures, 3) tent villages, 4) tent blocks and 5) tents
around building structure with no apparent damages along the survey route connecting major impacted
cities. Then, we overlaid distribution of observed damages onto the damage estimation results to assess
the validity of estimation. As a result, it was clarified that the DMSP estimation can detect various kinds
of damages rather than only severe housing damages.

3.Verification of the application for the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (1995) in Japan

In case of the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake, we have following four types of damage indicators'
distribution on the municiparity basis, I) Casualties(DeathlInjured), 2) Damaged
Housings(HeavilylModerate), 3) Blackout and 4) Disaster Relief Low applied municipalities. We
compared them with the estimated impacted area. As a result, it is clarified that DMSP estimation is
likely to detect not only severe impact such as deaths, collapsed housings and electricity disruption but
also relatively moderate impact such as wounded and moderately damaged housings as in the case of the
Marmara earthquake.