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<br />tance; and Executive Orders 11296 and subsequently 11988 r~quiring <br />Federal agencies to consider floodplain management.l <br /> <br />These actions directed attention to the use of floodplain <br />regulations to reduce flood losses. Rapid expansion of flood- <br />plain regulatory activity has led to varied speculation concern- <br />ing economic, social and environmental effects of such regulations. <br />The extent of community adoption of floodplain regulations sug- <br />gests that such regulations are addressing perceived needs. On <br />the other hand, the resistance of some communities to the adop- <br />tion of floodplain regulations suggests adverse effects. To es- <br />tablish what the actual effects of regulations are, empirical <br />data on the economic, social, and environmental effects of flood- <br />plain regulations must be gathered. An analysis of past research <br />efforts showed several attempts were undertaken to measure the <br />economic, social, and environmental effects of flooding. How- <br />ever, no research efforts were identified that attempted to eva- <br />luate in a systematic manner the economic, social, and environ- <br />mental effects of floodplain regulations on a national scale. <br />Thus, it was necessary to gather empirical data in field inves- <br />tigations to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the ef- <br />fects of regulating the 100-year floodplain.2 <br /> <br />IF or Corps of Engineers regulations ER-1120-2-117, see: <br />Office of the Chief of Engineers, "Investigation, Planning and <br />Development of Water Resources: Alternatives in Flood Related <br />Planning" (Washington, D.C.: August 17, 1970); Executive Order <br />11296 is entitled: "Evaluation of Flood Hazards in Locating <br />Federally Owned or Financed Buildings, Roads, and Other Facili- <br />ties, and Disposing of Federal Lands and Properties" (August 10, <br />1966); Executive Order 11988 is entitled: "Floodplain Management" <br />(May 24,1977, issued in 42 FR 101, May 25, 1977). <br /> <br />2See Glossary (pages167& 168) for definitions of 100-year <br />floodplain and other selected or uncommon terms used in this re- <br />port. Others are not individually referenced. <br /> <br />-2- <br />