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<br />,;...... - L r S' /!; t.A~ -f" b Lr'.. t...:, tJ'-!.:J b~c..t:."".... - 19 7y
<br />,,... ...l...,I'I,'fJ ... t" ,,'........ C""-~.... '1
<br />2. A 1/,1;/11,'//1;11,1: th!' (',,/"1"11110 NiI'a by 11"0.\"..1
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<br />Durin~ winter in th..: Uppa Cllklr:HJo Ri\'.;r n:l~ill. .~upcrcooh:J clouds
<br />arc forllh;d~tJ\'..:r Ill..: hi~h..:r I.:k\';ltilln,~ as moist :.sir is forced by strong winds
<br />over lh~ major mountain ma~scs. Under certain favorable conditions as sum-
<br />mllrizcd hclow. lhe prccip;lalion Ih:1t would occur nalurally from Ihese clouds
<br />can be incr,as..:t1 by s!.:etlil1!:' wilh silver iOt..lide sllloke. The air Illass must h:.lv,,: a
<br />high moistun: contcnt, and lhe cloud, including its upper boum.lary. should
<br />be warmer rhall - 20"C. The. ~~l11poncnt of airflow perpendicular to Ihe moun-
<br />.tain tldg~ must be rclarivdy stron$' ~nd it musl be possible 10 disperse Silver
<br />iodide arlicles within the cloud inOl co riate numbers to serve as ice crystal
<br />-nuclei." Sil....er iodjc..l~ smoke from IHound.based generators musr e I u~
<br />by tUrbulenc~ nnd lifted hy :lirnc,,; inlo cloud regions thai :Ire colder Ih::tn
<br />_lOoe, Thc icc eCY~I:lls (tlnncd nHlSI have lime 10 grow 10 a sizc Ih:lI will rOll!
<br />to earth bt...f(lh: rcachhlE !h~ dowl1lJr;;tfts rh;;t! ell;st on the mr ~ide of the moun.
<br />tain.
<br />An oper:nion:11 !.:luud sCt..'ding. S)'Slctll W:l~ po!';tulatcd based on Ihe tech-
<br />nic;;tll.lcl:Jils of the~c rf('ct....~.~..::s. The syslem consists of cenlralized OIallagcOl....lll
<br />conrroJ. ev.:::tIuOllioll. ;Illd puhli!.: .service runctions, wilh larget area operational
<br />services O1nJ lIIainlcn:\lI....c di:.lricls Itl Cl1\'er "lIl,r Ihe: pOh:ntially useful .sccdirl~
<br />. Sm:ollroankk( :OOulll ,"hid-: ict I.:fy'lal f"!n~;'lic..n and ~ruwlh l;lkt~ pl:.cc.
<br />
<br />areas in the Upper Coll'r;Jdo Basin. This s)'Stcm is cx.peclell!o ha....e an average
<br />annual dircct Cllst of 55,4 million for all of the: pOlcmial target areas in Ihe
<br />Upper Basin.
<br />The postulalnl llYSICl1l is not c:<pt:ctell ro be m3de obsoletc mpidly by
<br />Icchnological t.Icvclopl1lcnl.~. Major ch;mgcs are not e~pcetcd in l;round-based
<br />cloud se~ding equipment in the near future but rather in the control and moni-
<br />toring of cloud scellin~ 'operations. A major improvcment in meteorological
<br />information imporwnt to cloud .seeding will be proviut:d by the introduction'
<br />of improved wcather and earth resources satellites.
<br />As WaSA Icchnolo~y would be applied at the present time to the Upper
<br />Colorado River Basin. 111..: most probable long.term average increase 10 snow-
<br />fall at c1eviltioll:-; above K.nnO feet th3t could be realized is in the r.tn~c of 20
<br />!O 25 percent. The incrc:lse:-; 3re roduccd mainl b changin hours in which.
<br />little snowfa would have occurred into periods of Significant snow a . n.
<br />cn::ucs In snowfaJl wen..' c.flIllWh..tJ by uSing hmonc.l.l u<Jl:l obtained lrom The
<br />U.s. Geological Survey and the National WC:Hher Service nlong wilh current
<br />understanding of the physical phenomen3 associatc..-d with cloud seeding. These
<br />C3:limates ~re verified for three locations in th~ Basin based on a winter ora--
<br />~phie cloud sceding mod....:I developed bv Colorado St3te UOIvcCSlty and da!!j
<br />preci itation anll up 'r nlr d:Ha for nine winler seasons bee;inning in 1951.
<br />-T~~ ....-stimated avera,ge lllcreas..: III prccI Itallon vanes rom ~ pcr~cnt In lfi'C
<br />sout~l~~l!..p'~rt of the B3S111 to percenl III tenon ern an eastcr~ t3rg~.
<br />~,Applying these faclon and thc ap ro C;:lfC ractors foe convertin!! cumu-
<br />~:tive prccirut,ltlOll 10 strC31l1 ow to each part of the liasln. It was round that an
<br />.:.UJOlenled snow I1lcll runoU tlf 3bout 2.) million ~lcre feet coul<.l be producctl
<br />in a normal year. ThIS WtlulJ vary from abllu( 1.1 i\.laf rn a low water or tIi):.
<br />Year_to 3.6 rvrann a high waler or wet ycar. Since Ihe clrccts of the \VaSA
<br />sY"lcm would not be conlin.:d to the Upper Ilil~in. 0.5. 1.2. and 1.9 Maf could
<br />be l.:xl't;c!cd ill years cnnsillcrcd to produc~ low, normal. and high amounts
<br />of runolT rWIll rhe \VOSA I'r.:!.:ipjt:lliun rhJI falls oUlsidc lhe na.~il1. (This
<br />nUI-l\r-basin cUlnpon..:nl !.:Duld hI.: increased by a ch:ln~e in llyslcm design,)
<br />Till.: corr,s (mdin!: llOrlll:l1 \Cilr dir!.:ct t.:o,a ll,;r acre.funr i::; .\2.31 for in.hasin
<br />rUI.Hllr...E!~t!....:~1.5H for lolal rllll!,lr. To..: drr..:!;1 COSI or pr0dllCrnl! woSi\~
<br />i"_I...>~ ~1~:.lI~..~h~~ !~l!....:~!..v~tI!:!J~r:Jcli!.:al~ns f~~'prot.hr!.:ing or bringin,g ne\~:-
<br />War~'r in", lh... 1I:\"in, II i.. ;d,,' ks<; rh;Jn lhe ,"1'..1 of lnfl~lmc~lri(~I-lnr
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