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Missouri River Basin
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Missouri River Basin
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Last modified
4/8/2013 5:26:26 PM
Creation date
3/6/2013 1:04:48 PM
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Water Supply Protection
Description
related to the Platte River Endangered Species Partnership (aka Platte River Recovery Implementation Program or PRRIP) Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Meeting - Pallid Sturgeon
State
CO
WY
NE
MO
Basin
South Platte
Water Division
1
Author
CWCB Staff
Title
Staff comments on the US Fish and Wildlife's Biological Opinion on the Missouri River Main Stem Reservoir System, Operation and Maintenance of the Missouri River Bandk Stabilization and Navigation Project, and the Operation o fthe Kansas River Reservoir
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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Jenkins 1993). Time of sexual maturity and the age intervals between spawning years is likely to be <br />influenced by available forage, environmental conditions and other factors (USFWS 1993), and thus, <br />likely varies to some degree between river reaches. <br />Keenlyne et al. (1992) estimated fecundity for a female pallid sturgeon taken from the upper Missouri <br />River. The authors found the mass of mature eggs weighed 69 oz (1,952 g), which represented 11.4 <br />percent of total body weight. Total fecundity was estimated at 170,000 eggs for this female. Females <br />may take up to 10 years between spawnings depending on the quality and quantity of food available in <br />their natural habitat ( Keenlyne and Jenkins 1993). The food availability is in turn dictated by habitat <br />factors such as flow, water temperatures, substrate, and structure. Therefore, fecundity of a female <br />may vary considerably, with an individual female spawning only a few times during her normal life span <br />(Duffy et al. 1996). <br />Henry and Ruelle (1992) calculated the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and fecundity for one female <br />pallid/shovelnose sturgeon hybrid and three female pallid sturgeon captured on the Mississippi River. <br />The fecundity of the hybrid was estimated at 61,992 eggs. This fish had the highest GSI (23.9) of the <br />other sturgeon measured. The eggs of the pallid sturgeon were not as mature and had GSI's of 7.2, <br />9.0, and 10.5. <br />While subtle differences likely exist in the spawning requirements of the pallid sturgeon and shovelnose W4 <br />sturgeon, the shovelnose sturgeon is believed to provide a good indication of spawning requirements for <br />pallid sturgeon. The two species are reported to hybridize (Carlson et al. 1985). Shovelnose sturgeon <br />spawn over substrates of rock, rubble �r �, avel �„ rhP main-channel of the Missouri/Mississippi Rivers <br />and major tributaries, or on wma dams in the main stem of larger rivers (Helms 1974, Elser et al. 1977, <br />Moos 1978). Spawning was uspecte occur in the relativel swift water in or near the main <br />channel the c annelized Missouri River near Vermillion, South Dakota, when water temperatures <br />ch 64• to 66• F (18• to 19- C), which can be from late May through June (Moos 1978). <br />Shovelnose sturgeon spawning occurs in the Tongue River, Montana, a Yellowstone River tributary, <br />from early June until mid -July at water temperatures of 62.4• to 70.7• F (16.9• to 21.5• C) ( Elser et al. <br />1977). Pallid sturgeon have been spawned on three different occasions at both Gavins Point NFH and <br />Garrison Dam NFH. Water temperatures and egg quality were monitored prior to and during <br />spawning and analysis has shown that the optimum spawning temperature ranged from 60• to 65• F <br />(15.5• to 18.5• C) immediately prior to the spawning (Steve Krentz, USFWS, pers. comm.). <br />Without increased flows in Jun d July, and warmer water temperatures during that period, the cues <br />for pallid sturgeon to spawn probably are no longer present under existing main stem dam operations, <br />throughout much of the Missouri River. <br />Age and Growth - Little is known about age and growth of pallid sturgeon. This is primarily due to <br />lack of sturgeon tissues that allow age determination. Use of the leading ray of the pectoral spine has <br />provided age estimates; however, the Pallid Sturgeon Recovery Team does not support the collection <br />Status Range Wide -PS 101 <br />
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