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TABLE 3.-Pairwise FST values. Asterisk (*) indicates statistical significance at <br />P < 0.05, after adjustment for multiple tests using the standard Bonferroni method (Rice <br />1989). <br />LVR UVR MOA DBR <br />UVR 0.020* <br />MOA 0.126* 0.092* <br />DBR 0.033* 0.016* 0.118* <br />DYC 0.023* 0.009* 0.098* 0.001 <br />Discussion: <br />Population structure <br />The present study found Virgin River chub in the Moapa River were moderately <br />genetically distinct from populations in the Virgin River based on an FST value that <br />ranged from 0.092 to 0.126 (P< 0.001). This finding is in agreement with an earlier <br />study by De Marais et al. (1992). Since no samples are available prior to the change in <br />the architecture of the river, it is not possible to determine whether the genetic divergence <br />occurred due to natural processes or as a result of the construction of Boulder <br />Dam which inundated the confluence between the Virgin and Moapa Rivers. <br />There was a low level of divergence between the upper and lower reaches within <br />the Virgin River as indicated. by an FST value of 0.020 (P < 0.001). A previous study <br />(DeMarais et al. 1993) did not detect evidence of population structure within the <br />river. However, in the present study more fish were analyzed and samples represented a <br />wider geographical distribution. In addition, more loci were surveyed and microsatellites <br />exhibit greater variability than markers used in the DeMarais et al. (1993) study. The <br />15