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e
<br />)erature are
<br />m; RTO =
<br />emperature
<br />mperatures
<br />maximum
<br />4, RTM
<br />CC)
<br />.8b, -
<br />.8b, -
<br />8b -
<br />24b
<br />35
<br />32
<br />b, 17b
<br />,.0, 33.0
<br />.0, 23b
<br />20b
<br />.8b, -
<br />33
<br />He (1986);
<br />.0986); 10,
<br />and Burley
<br />!°C.
<br />tes, even-
<br />:r values.
<br />.mong the
<br />;, or other
<br />donships,
<br />iumpback
<br />.nd lower
<br />and res-
<br />-reviewed
<br />tudies on
<br />-ontained
<br />-actions or
<br />many of
<br />with the
<br />tture over
<br />le 1). For
<br />tables or
<br />Tabulated
<br />ed to es-
<br />nte Carlo
<br />ids on all
<br />:d fathead
<br />es, know-
<br />the lower
<br />HUMPBACK CHUB BIOENERGETICS
<br />TABLE 1.-Extended.
<br />963
<br />Species CQ, RQ CA, CB RA, RB Sources
<br />Bream Abramis brama 1.07, - 12
<br />Bleak Alburms alburnus - - 0.522, -0.22 0.069, -0.31 8
<br />Silver bream Blicca bjoerknac 2.06,- -, - -, - 12
<br />Gibel Carassius auratus gibelio 1.04,- -, - -, - 12
<br />Common carp Cyprinus carpio 2.23, - -, - -, - 12
<br /> -,2.6 -, - - - 13
<br /> 0.03, -0.032
<br />Utah chub Gila atraria -,2.2 -, - (22 °C) 11
<br />Mohave tui chub Gila bicolor mohavensis -, - - - 0.00045, -0.118 9
<br />Northern redbelly dace Phoxinus eos 2.3, 2.1 0.36, -0.31 0.0148, -0.2 5
<br />Eurasian minnow Phoxinus phoxinus -2.83 0.110, -0.194 0.00017, -0.45 3
<br />Fathead minnow Pimephales promelas 2.4, 2.6 0.149. -0.242 0.0096, -0.041 4
<br />Northern pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis 2.04, 2.96 0.278, -0.197 0.00165, -0.285 2, 10, 14
<br />Colorado pikeminnow Ptychocheilus Lucius - - -, - - - 1
<br />Speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus 0.047e, - 11
<br />Roach Rutilus rurilus 1.61, - 0.595, -0.27 0.065, -0.22 6, 12
<br /> 3.0, 3.1 0.3, -0.15 0.0188, -0.28 7
<br />Colorado River, occupies a similar ecological
<br />niche in the Grand Canyon (Kaeding and Zim-
<br />merman 1983), and probably has a similar diet and
<br />physiology as small humpback chub.
<br />For developing the Gila spp.-humpback chub
<br />model, the parameter bounds for optimum con-
<br />sumption and respiration were set from 22eC to
<br />32°C (Tables 1, 2). We increased the upper bound
<br />of temperature for the maximum consumption or
<br />respiration parameter to 35°C (range 22-35°C), as-
<br />suming that humpback chub and most Gila spp.
<br />had evolved in a seasonal environment that might
<br />be warmer than parameters representing many of
<br />the cyprinids tabulated in Table 1. We had no ex-
<br />plicit estimates of CA or CB for Gila spp. (Table
<br />1), so we used an arbitrary range around values
<br />measured for fathead minnow (Duffy 1998). For
<br />the Q10 parameters, 2.1 was the low bound, slightly
<br />less than the 2.2 for respiration Q10 observed for
<br />Utah chub (Table 1), and 2.7 was the high bound,
<br />slightly higher than the respiration Q10 for fathead
<br />minnow. The test range for the allometric respi-
<br />ration parameters was slightly higher and lower
<br />than the range observed for Utah chub and Mohave
<br />TABLE 2.-Range of parameter values used in Monte Carlo filtering for a humpback chub bioenergetics model.
<br />Parameters not included were fixed and were not determined by filtering (see Table 5). The consumption and respiration
<br />Q10 approximates the rate at which the function increases.
<br />Parameter
<br />abbreviation
<br />Description
<br />Range
<br /> Consumption
<br />CA Intercept 0.11 to 0.2
<br />CB Slope -0.3 to -0.2
<br />CQ Consumption Qto 2.1 to 2.7
<br />CTO Optimum temperature 22 to 32
<br />CTM Maximum temperature 22 to 35
<br />P Proportion of maximum consumption 0.0 to 1.0
<br /> Respiration
<br />RA Intercept 0.0004 to 0.01
<br />RB Slope -0.15 to -0.02
<br />RQ Respiration Q10 2.1 to 2.7
<br />RTO Optimum temperature 22 to 32
<br />RTM Maximum temperature 22 to 35
<br />ACT Activity 0.5 to 2.0
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