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Last modified
8/11/2009 11:32:57 AM
Creation date
8/10/2009 4:17:29 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
7890
Author
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Title
Region 6, Fish and Wildlife Service Guidelines Directing Captive Propagation Of Listed And Candidate Fish.
USFW Year
1996.
USFW - Doc Type
\
Copyright Material
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it is declining, stable, or improving, and indicate what activities would improve the status of <br />the population. A baseline genetic analysis will assist in understanding the status. Other <br />information used for status determinations are life history data, vital population statistics and <br />demographic trends, habitat conditions (i.e. carrying capacity of the system), and threats to <br />the species. After the introduction, the success of the program will be evaluated and <br />recommendations for further recovery efforts may be formulated. Regular monitoring will <br />determine if the program is contributing to the establishment of a self-sustaining population. <br />Another very important segment of this entire effort is preparation or restoration of the <br />individual stocking sites, if suitable habitat is not available for reintroduction. <br />Fish marking is an essential aspect of this effort, particularly if fish are to be differentiated <br />from naturally produced fish. A monitoring schedule in the plan should identify those <br />individuals and agencies responsible. for .monitoring.. Monitoring should commence <br />immediately after stocking to determine post-stocking mortality and dispersal. The <br />monitoring and evaluation .-effort should include life history studies of the introduced fish. A <br />basin-wide standardized monitoring or survey program should be initiated. Results should be <br />reported in a timely and systematic fashion accompanied with management recommendations( <br />See Monitoring Guidelines). <br />A risk assessment must be conducted on the introduction program associated with the loss of <br />genetic variation and ecological threats. Genetic risks are classified and evaluated based on <br />the potential for interbreeding and hybridization. Ecological threats are usually associated <br />IS with 1) trophic alterations, 2) spatial alterations, 3) altered growth and survival <br />characteristics, 4) displacement, replacement, or extinction, and 5) disease and parasite <br />transmission resulting in epizootic infestation. Disease-free certification is required for all <br />introduction programs. <br />Specific information should be provided on the source of all fish used as broodstock. It <br />should be stated whether they are wild or hatchery fish, source of the broodstock, how long <br />have they been at the hatchery, eggs collected from wild fish, etc. The Region 6 Genetic <br />Management Guidelines can be used for this segment of the implementation program. All <br />information must be summarized and distributed to all entities so proper propagation and <br />management decisions can be made for the benefit of the resource and the other native fish <br />existing within the aquatic community. <br />DISPOSITION OF SURPLUS ARTIFICIALLY PROPAGATED FISH <br />Captive propagation can be a major element in restoration and recovery programs for <br />imperiled fish species must support accomplishment of recovery/restoration goals. Fish <br />production numbers are defined by 1) propagation goals and objectives, 2) propagation <br />techniques, 3) fish fecundity, 4) fish mortality, 5) uncertainty of production at various <br />operational steps, and 6) available facilities. It follows, therefore, that fish in excess <br />(surplus) of program needs and goals may be incidentally produced. When resources are <br />limited, caring for surplus fish affects the care required to ensure the health and well-being <br />• of high priority fish produced specifically for essential recovery activities. Because of the <br />species involved, disposition of these surplus fish becomes a focus of concern and necessity.
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