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Of the 581 U.S. listed species, 352 (61%) have approved recovery plans as of October 1, 1990. Figure 5 pre- sents a breakdown, by taxonomic group, of the percentage of all species that currently have approved recovery plans. Most of the remaining species, particularly those that have been listed for more than three years and still do not have approved plans, are currently in some stage of recovery plan development. Others are "pend- ing", indicating that recovery plan- ning will be initiated when resource allocations allow for it. A small per- centage of species will not have plans developed for one reason or another (e.g., Tinian monarch, Bachman's warbler, Little Kern golden trout, etc.). Specific information on the species for which recovery plans will not be prepared is in Appendix IV. Table 4 outlines, by taxonomic group, the recovery plan status for listed species. The "Pending" column constitutes the actual recovery plan backlog. Eighty-three percent of listed species have either an approved recovery plan or one that is in some stage of devel- opment (Approved and Draft plans). Eighteen (3%) of the species will not have recovery plans prepared. Of the 81 species with recovery plans "pend- ing," that is, planned but not yet initi- ated, 41 have been listed less than three years. The remaining forty (7%) of the species that warrant having re- covery plans developed, but have yet to have a plan initiated, have been listed longer than three years. The 7% constitutes the actual recovery plan backlog in the Fish and Wildlife Service. Plans are under way to em- phasize multi-species recovery plan- ning, where appropriate, to help address the backlog, as well as to fo- cus on ecosystem recovery efforts for groups of species. 14 Figure 5. Listed Species With and Without Approved Recovery Plans 75% 0 50% 25% 0% Animals Plants Taxonomic Group Listed Animal Species With and Without Approved Recovery Plans 100% 75/o 50% 25% 0% Mammals Birds Herps* Fishes Inverts- Taxonomic Group With Approved Plans W/O Approved Plans *Amphibians and Reptiles **Invertebrates Table 4. Listed Species Recovery Plan Status Group Approved Draft Pending NA Plants 119 71 44 5 Mammals 29 14 5 1 Birds 71 4 7 4 Herps* 30 7 3 2 Fishes 49 23 9 3 Invertebrates 54 11 13 3 Total 352(61%) 130(22%) 81(14%) 18(3%)