Laserfiche WebLink
<br />Table 7. (Continued) <br /> <br />Ecosystem, and other <br />information <br /> <br />Application rate and <br />other variables <br /> <br />Effects and reference <br /> <br />TERRESTRIAL <br /> <br />Temporary woodland <br />pool <br /> <br />Freshwater ponds <br />(8 m X 17 m <br />X 0.3 m deep) <br /> <br />Salt marsh <br /> <br />Rice field area <br /> <br />New Mexico <br />ranchlands <br /> <br />Wheat fields <br /> <br />Average maximum water <br />concentration of 1.6 <br />ug chlorpyrifos/l <br /> <br />Individual applications <br />of 0.011, 0.056, 0.11, <br />and 1.11 kg/ha; 4 appli- <br />cations at 2-week in- <br />intervals <br /> <br />0.025 kg/ha, single <br />application <br /> <br />0.029 kg/ha, single <br />application <br /> <br />Dust formulations of <br />0.48 and 1.97 kg/ha, <br />to control wildlife <br />flea populations <br /> <br />0.56 and 1.0 kg/ha, to con- <br />trol pale western cutworm <br />(AQrotis orthoQonia) <br /> <br />22 <br /> <br />No obvious adverse effects <br />on wildlife, i.e., <br />3 spp. of rodents, one <br />sp. frog, one sp. turtle <br />(Nelson and Evans 1973). <br /> <br />High mortality (>42%) <br />of mall ard (Anas <br />platvrhvnchos) ducklings <br />on all treated ponds, <br />vs. none dead on con- <br />trol ponds (Hurlbert et <br />al. 1970). <br /> <br />No gross effects on wild- <br />life (ludwig et al. 1968). <br /> <br />All honeybees (Apis sp.) <br />within 0.4 km downwind <br />of spray area were dead; <br />95% were dead at 0.8 km <br />and 89% at 1.2 km (Atkins <br />1972) . <br /> <br />No observable ~eleterious <br />effects in rodents and <br />rabbits 3 to 4 weeks <br />posttreatment (Miller <br />et a1. 1970). <br /> <br />Horned larks (EremoDhila <br />alDestris) had brain <br />ChE activity levels <br />depressed 22% at 3 days <br />posttreatment, and 8% <br />at 16 days. No sick or <br />dead birds found; how- <br />ever, no systematic <br />searches were made for <br />