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Glossary of Genetic Terminology <br />.ALLELE - One of two or more alternate forms of a gene. <br />ARTIFICIAL SELECTION - A program in which only~indivduals-that <br />exceed a minimum standard will be permitted to. contribute to <br />the gene pool of succeeding generations. <br />CHROMOSOMES - Structural units. within-the cell nucleus which <br />contain the genes. <br />CROSSBREEDING - Mating of individuals less closely related than is <br />average for the population in general (outbreeding). <br />CIILL - To remove inferior animals from a stock. <br />DEME - "A genetic subdivision of the species which is organized <br />into a small, local breeding group" (Liu and Godt, 1983). <br />DIPLOID - An organism with two complete sets of chromosomes. <br />DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid. The molecule that contains the <br />genetic information.' <br />DOMINANT - A mode of gene action which prevents the expression of <br />an alternate allele (recessive). <br />ENVIRONMENT - The sum of all external conditions that affect <br />behavior, growth, and development of an organism. <br />EVOLIITION - The change in gene frequency over time of populations <br />related by descent. <br />F~ - The first generation. <br />F2 - The second generation. <br />GAMETE - Spermatozoa and ova. <br />GENES - The basic unit of inheritance, located on the chromosomes, <br />which carry genetic information for specific biological <br />traits. <br />GENETICS - That part of biology dealing with heredity- and <br />variation. <br />GENOTYPE - The genetic make-up of an individual. <br />1-11 <br />