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<br />.. <br /> <br />While you are digesting dessert, 1'11 attempt to dive into the turbulent <br />Colorado River and we'll see just how well we answer the questions raised. <br /> <br />We all know the traditional western viewpoint concerning water as the <br />dominating factor in our history. Only about 3% of the earth's water supply <br />is fresh, and of that amount, 77% of the fresh water is frozen.. Furthermore, <br />the western states receive a small share of that water that isn't frozen in <br />some arctic icecap. <br /> <br />Somehow, that all didn't seem fair to the early settlers who found <br />abundant, fertile, but arid lands. They watched the precious spring waters <br />run downstream...and they reacted with the same vigor that American's have <br />applied to so many problems. <br /> <br />The American west is what it is today...a tremendously productive, <br />vitally contributing segment of America...due, in large measure to the <br />development of water resources. Once an assured water supply for cities and <br />farms could be developed, settlement occurred and economies were established. <br /> <br />Just what are we talking about in terms of Colorado River management? I <br />think it begins with a recognition that we need to seek a balance in all we <br />do. Tonight we will talk about a handful of issues...all that are best <br />served, in my opinion, through a careful balancing of multiple concerns, <br />opportunities, and actions. <br /> <br />Cornerstone to such a discussion is a recognition that water was, is, <br />and should remain, a state held right. However, as we shall see, there <br />remains opportunity for states to achieve their own balances among themselves. <br />Historically, that has been achieved through the Colorado River Compact and <br />the resulting compilation called the Law of the River. <br /> <br />Within that recognition, there is ample opportunity for the Bureau of <br />Reclamation to playa major role in shaping the future of the Colorado River <br />system. <br /> <br />Let's start with the Long-Range Operating Criteria for the river and the <br />Annual Operating Plan. <br /> <br />The Long Range Operating Criteria for the Colorado River were <br />promulgated by the Secretary of the Interior in response to Section 602 of <br />Public Law 90-537. The criteria provide the overall umbrella guidance by <br />which the river is to be operated. <br /> <br />The Secretary is required to sponsor a review of the criteria at least <br />every 5 years. While the previous three reviews were not conducted in a <br />public forum, it was decided that the 1990 review would be open to the public <br />to comment and participate in the decision-making process. <br /> <br />The operating criteria provides for the coordinated operation of Lakes <br />Powell and Mead. Much of the criteria simply restates the provisions of <br />Section 602 of the 1968 Act, but also adds the 8.23 million acre-foot minimum <br /> <br />2 <br />