8285

• UCREFRP Catalog Number: 8285
• Author: Hamilton, S. J., K. J. Buhl, F. A. Bullard and E. E. Little.
• Title: Chronic Toxicity and Hazard Assessment of an Inorganic Mixture Simulating Irrigation Drainwater to Razorback Sucker and Bonytail.
• USFW Year: 2000.
• USFW - Doc Type: Yankton, South Dakota\
• Copyright Material: YES

54 HAMILTON ET AL

TABLE III. Mean (SE) of waterborne concentrations
(p.g/L) of copper, ....nlum, and zinc in a mixture
of nine elements simulating Ashley Creek, Utah,
exposed to razorback sucker and bonytailln a
reconstituted water representing the Green River

Inorganic and treatment Razorback sucker Bonytail

Copper
Control
IX'
2X
4X
8X
16X
Selenium
Control
IX'
2X
4X
8X
16X
Zinc
Control
IX'
2X
4X
8X
16X

3(0)
1l(0)
2I(I)
37(2)
72(4)
165(14)

<3
76(2)
143(5)
252(17)
480(30)
1l30(36)

5(1)
25(2)
42(3)
79(6)
143(8)
320(8)

4(1)
11(1)
19(1)
35(2)
67(2)
144(4)

<3
73(1)
135(6)
267(11)
532(14)
1232(55)

5(1)
20(1 )
36(2)
69(3)
130(6)
299(9)

a IX = mixture of 2 p.g/L As, 630 p.g/L B, 10 p.g/L Cu, 5
p.g/L Mo, 51 p.g/L Se +6, 8 p.g/L Se +4, 33 p.g/L V, 2 p.g/L
V, and 20 p.g/L Zn.

Thus, growth, especially fish weight, was a more sensi-
tive indicator of adverse effects than survival.
Adverse effects on growth of bony tail were similar
to razorback sucker and followed a concentration-re-
sponse relation, except for condition factor at 90 days
of exposure (Table V). Weight of bony tail was reduced
after 30 days of exposure in the 4X and higher treat-
ments, whereas total length was reduced in the 8X and
16X treatments. Reduced weight and total length were
present in the 8X and 16X treatments after 60 and 90
days of exposure. Condition factor was reduced at 90
days of exposure in the IX to 8X treatments, but not
the 16X treatment. Apparently, larvae grew very slowly
in the 16X treatment sometime prior to the measure-
ment at 30 days of exposure, and the relation between
weight and total length, i.e., condition factor, remained
relatively constant and similar to that in control fish.
Similar to the razorback sucker study, growth reduction
was greatest for weight; weight of fish in the 16X
treatment was reduced by 81 % compared to control
fish, whereas total length of fish in the 16X treatment
was reduced by 43% compared to control fish.
Changes in fish behavior occurred as early as 3 days
of exposure (Table VI). In razorback sucker, fish in the
8X and 16X treatments were hyperactive and by day 14
were noticeably smaller than control fish. Later obser-
vations of these fish showed they had less feeding
activity and were less active than other fish. In bony tail,
reduced activity of fish in the 16X treatment occurred
as early as 7 days of exposure and they were noticeably

TABLE IV. Mean (SE) of percent survival of razorback sucker and bonytall
exposed to a mixture of nine elements simulating Ashley Creek, Utah,
in a reconstituted water representing the Green River

Exposure period (day)
60

Species and
treatment

30

90

Razorback sucker
Control
IX'
2X
4X
8X
16X
Bonytail
Control
IX'
2X
4X
8X
16X

90(8)
97( 1)
99( 1)
100(0)
96(1)
100(0)

99( 1)
100(0)
97(2)
97(2)
95(2)
29(9)**b

90(8)
97(1)
97(2)
98(2)
83(5)*b
5(3)**

90(8)
97(1)
97(2)
95(3)
25(9)**
0(0)**

99( 1)
100(0)
97(2)
97(2)
95(2)
25(8)**

99( 1)
100(0)
97(2)
96(3)
95(2)
20(8)**

· IX = mixture of 2 p.g/L As, 630 p.g/L B, 10 p.g/L Cu, 5 p.g/L Mo, 51 p.g/L Se +6,8
p.g/L Se +4, 33 p.g/L U, 2 p.g/L V, and 20 p.g/L Zn.
b Asterisks indicate significant difference from the control within a column (ANOV A;
· P.. 0.10 or .. P.. 0.05).