7376 - Laserfiche WebLink

Home Browse Search

6 BIOLOGICAL REPORT 90(3) ine. These figures do not equal 100% because some records contain multiple wetland type entries.) Tech- niques are most frequently associated with planting or seeding and landforming activities. Objective The objective is the reason, emphasized in the text of the publication, for the creation or restoration of a wetland, or for a related study. Usually, it is based on the functions performed by the wetland and resultant wetland values. There are eight key words in this field. Key word abbreviations as they appear in the data base are noted in parentheses. Habitat. The wetland creation or restoration effort results in enhanced wetland habitat or food chain sup- port for birds, mammals, fish, invertebrates, reptiles, or amphibians. Harvest. The wetland creation or restoration effort is directed towards the production of food or fiber (e.g., timber, wild rice, oysters, crayfish). Erosion. The wetland is created or restored to con- trol erosion or stabilize shoreline and sediment. Hydrology (Hydro). This key word refers to the hydro- logic value derived from the wetland creation or restora- tion effort. The functions of a wetland, due to character- istics of its water regime, may include flood control, water supply, groundwater recharge, or stormikater retention. Water Quality (Wquality). The created or restored wetland improves water quality through filtration of contaminants (such as heavy metals), sediment trap- ping, nutrient sink functions, wastewater treatment, re- duction of pollutant load from urban or agricultural runoff, or uptake of dissolved pollutants by wetland plants. This also includes the cleanup of contaminated waters as part of the restoration process. Experiment. A wetland is created or restored as part of an experiment or is used as the site for related exper- imentation (may be laboratory or field). Incidental. A wetland is created without intention or calculation as a consequence of some other action or project, such as construction of a highway or reservoir. General. General is used when specific objectives were not clearly identified. Some examples include aes- thetics, research, recreation, and mitigation (replace- ment or compensation for wetlands that have been dam- aged or destroyed). Excluding the "general" category, experiment and habitat were cited most frequently as project or study objectives (Fig. 5). Fig. 4. Ecoregions of the United States from Bailey (1980) with the addition of 10 marine and estuarine provinces proposed in Cowardin et al. (1979).